Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

I have no further use for these tools

  • 1 use

    I ju:z verb
    1) (to employ (something) for a purpose: What did you use to open the can?; Use your common sense!) usar, utilizar
    2) (to consume: We're using far too much electricity.) consumir, gastar
    •
    - used
    - user
    - user-friendly
    - user guide
    - be used to something
    - be used to
    - used to
    II ju:s
    1) (the act of using or state of being used: The use of force to persuade workers to join a strike cannot be justified; This telephone number is for use in emergencies.) uso, utilización
    2) (the/a purpose for which something may be used: This little knife has plenty of uses; I have no further use for these clothes.) uso
    3) ((often in questions or with negatives) value or advantage: Is this coat (of) any use to you?; It's no use offering to help when it's too late.) utilidad
    4) (the power of using: She lost the use of her right arm as a result of the accident.) uso
    5) (permission, or the right, to use: They let us have the use of their car while they were away.) uso
    •
    - usefulness
    - usefully
    - useless
    - be in use
    - out of use
    - come in useful
    - have no use for
    - it's no use
    - make good use of
    - make use of
    - put to good use
    - put to use
    use1 n
    1. uso / empleo
    they gave me the use of their car me dejaron utilizar su coche / pusieron su coche a mi disposición
    2. sentido
    what's the use of spending all that money? ¿qué sentido tiene gastar tanto dinero? / ¿para qué gastar tanto dinero?
    it's no use ringing the bell, there's nobody in es inútil llamar al timbre, no hay nadie en casa
    use2 vb usar / utilizar
    what do you use to clean the paintbrushes? ¿qué usas para limpiar los pinceles?
    how do you use this machine? ¿cómo se utiliza esta máquina?
    tr[ (n) jʊːs; (vb) jʊːz]
    1 uso, empleo, utilización nombre femenino
    ■ directions for use instrucciones de uso, modo de empleo
    2 (handling) manejo
    4 (right to use, power to use) uso
    1 usar, utilizar
    ■ what do you use to remove stains? ¿qué usas para quitar manchas?
    ■ use your handkerchief! ¡utiliza el pañuelo!
    ■ don't cross the road, use the subway no cruces la carretera, utiliza el paso subterráneo
    2 (consume) gastar, consumir
    3 (exploit unfairly) aprovecharse de
    4 familiar (need) necesitar
    1 (In this sense, if no habit is involved, translate using the imperfect) (past habits) soler, acostumbrar
    ■ where did you use to live? ¿dónde vivías antes?
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    in use en uso, que se está utilizando
    it's no use no sirve de nada, es inútil
    'Not in use' "No funciona"
    out of use desusado,-a
    to be of use ser útil, ser de utilidad
    what's the use of...? ¿de qué sirve... ?
    ■ what's the use of crying? ¿de qué sirve llorar?
    use ['ju:z] v, used ['ju:zd,] in phrase „used to” usually ['ju:stu:] ; using vt
    1) employ: emplear, usar
    2) consume: consumir, tomar (drogas, etc.)
    3) utilize: usar, utilizar
    to use tact: usar tacto
    he used his friends to get ahead: usó a sus amigos para mejorar su posición
    4) treat: tratar
    they used the horse cruelly: maltrataron al caballo
    5)
    to use up : agotar, consumir, gastar
    winters used to be colder: los inviernos solían ser más fríos, los inviernos eran más fríos
    she used to dance: acostumbraba bailar
    use ['ju:s] n
    1) application, employment: uso m, empleo m, utilización f
    out of use: en desuso
    ready for use: listo para usar
    to be in use: usarse, estar funcionando
    to make use of: servirse de, aprovechar
    2) usefulness: utilidad f
    to be of no use: no servir (para nada)
    it's no use!: ¡es inútil!
    3)
    to have the use of : poder usar, tener acceso a
    4)
    to have no use for : no necesitar
    she has no use for poetry: a ella no le gusta la poesía
    v.
    • emplear (Utilizar) v.
    • soler v.
    • usar v.
    • utilizar v.
    n.
    • empleo s.m.
    • estilo s.m.
    • gasto s.m.
    • manejo s.m.
    • usanza s.f.
    • uso s.m.
    • utilidad s.f.

    I juːs
    1) u (of machine, substance, method, word) uso m, empleo m, utilización f

    instructions for use — instrucciones, modo de empleo

    the use of force — el empleo or uso de la fuerza

    to lose the use of an arm — perder* el uso de un brazo

    to be in use — \<\<machine\>\> estar* funcionando or en funcionamiento; \<\<word/method\>\> emplearse, usarse

    to make use of something — usar algo, hacer* uso de algo

    I must make better use of my time — debo emplear or aprovechar mejor el tiempo

    to put something to good use — hacer* buen uso de algo

    2) c (application, function) uso m

    she has her uses — para algo sirve, a veces nos (or les etc) es útil

    3) u ( usefulness)

    to be (of) use to somebody — serle* útil or de utilidad a alguien, servirle* a alguien

    I'm not much use at cooking — no se me da muy bien la cocina, no sirvo para cocinar

    is this (of) any use to you? — ¿te sirve de algo esto?

    it's no use — es inútil, no hay manera, no hay caso (AmL)

    it's no use complaining — de nada sirve quejarse, no se consigue nada quejándose or con quejarse

    what's the use (of -ing)? — ¿de qué sirve (+ inf)?, ¿qué sentido tiene (+ inf)?

    to have the use of somebody's car/office — poder* usar el coche/la oficina de alguien


    II
    1. juːz
    1)
    a) (for task, purpose) usar

    a technique used in this treatment — una técnica que se emplea or se utiliza or se usa en este tratamiento

    use your head/imagination — usa la cabeza/la imaginación

    to use something to + INF — usar or utilizar* algo para + inf

    use a knife to open it — usa or utiliza un cuchillo para abrirla, ábrela con un cuchillo

    what's this used for? — ¿y esto para qué sirve or para qué se usa?

    b) ( avail oneself of) \<\<service/facilities\>\> utilizar*, usar, hacer* uso de

    may I use your phone? — ¿puedo hacer una llamada or llamar por teléfono?

    may I use your toilet? — ¿puedo pasar or ir al baño?

    2) ( do with) (colloq)

    I could use a drink/the money — no me vendría mal un trago/el dinero

    3) ( consume) \<\<food/fuel\>\> consumir, usar; \<\<money\>\> gastar

    use by 3 Feb 97 — fecha de caducidad: 3 feb 97, consumir antes del 3 feb 97

    4) (manipulate, exploit) (pej) utilizar*, usar (esp AmL)

    2.
    v mod juːs (in neg, interrog sentences)

    where did you use to live? — ¿dónde vivías?; see also used II

    Phrasal Verbs:
    [juːs]
    1. N
    1) (=act of using) uso m, empleo m, utilización f ; (=handling) manejo m

    the use of steel in industry — el empleo or la utilización or el uso del acero en la industria

    care in the use of guns — cuidado m en el manejo de las armas de fuego

    • fit for use — servible, en buen estado

    • in use, word in use — palabra f en uso or que se usa

    • to make use of — hacer uso de, usar; [+ right etc] valerse de, ejercer

    • out of use — en desuso

    it is now out of use — ya no se usa, está en desuso

    to go or fall out of use — caer en desuso

    • to put sth to good use — hacer buen uso de algo, sacar partido or provecho de algo

    • ready for use — listo (para ser usado)

    • it improves with use — mejora con el uso

    2) (=way of using) modo m de empleo; (=handling) manejo m
    3) (=function) uso m

    • can you find a use for this? — ¿te sirve esto?

    4) (=usefulness) utilidad f

    • to be of use — servir, tener utilidad

    can I be of any use? — ¿puedo ayudar?

    • to be no use, he's no use as a teacher — no vale para profesor, no sirve como profesor

    it's (of) no use — es inútil, no sirve para nada

    it's no use discussing it further — es inútil or no vale la pena seguir discutiendo

    I have no further use for it — ya no lo necesito, ya no me sirve para nada

    I've no use for those who... — no aguanto a los que...

    • what's the use of all this? — ¿de qué sirve todo esto?

    5) (=ability to use, access)

    • to have the use of, to have the use of a garage — tener acceso a un garaje

    I have the use of it on Sundays — me permiten usarlo los domingos, lo puedo usar los domingos

    I have the use of the kitchen until 6p.m. — puedo or tengo permitido usar la cocina hasta las seis

    • he lost the use of his arm — se le quedó inútil el brazo

    6) (Ling) (=sense) uso m, sentido m
    7) frm (=custom) uso m, costumbre f
    2. [juːz]
    VT
    1) (gen) usar, emplear, utilizar

    he used a knife — empleó or usó or utilizó un cuchillo

    are you using this book? — ¿te hace falta este libro?

    which book did you use? — ¿qué libro consultaste?

    have you used a gun before? — ¿has manejado alguna vez una escopeta?

    • to use sth as a hammer — emplear or usar algo como martillo

    • to be used, what's this used for? — ¿para qué sirve esto?, ¿para qué se utiliza esto?

    I could use a drink! * — ¡no me vendría mal un trago!

    • to use sth for, to use sth for a purpose — servirse de algo con un propósito

    • to use force — emplear la fuerza

    • careful how you use that razor! — ¡cuidado con la navaja esa!

    • to use every means — emplear todos los medios a su alcance ( to do sth para hacer algo)

    2) (=make use of, exploit) usar, utilizar

    he wants to use the bathroom — quiere usar el cuarto de baño; (=go to the toilet) quiere ir al lavabo or (LAm) al baño

    someone is using the bathroom — el lavabo or (LAm) el baño está ocupado

    use your head or brains! * — ¡usa el coco! *

    3) (=consume) [+ fuel] consumir

    have you used all the milk? — ¿has terminado toda la leche?

    4) † (=treat) tratar

    • she had been cruelly used by... — había sido tratada con crueldad por...

    • to use sb roughly — maltratar a algn

    • to use sb well — tratar bien a algn

    3.
    VI (Drugs) ** drogarse
    4.
    [juːs]
    AUX VB (gen) soler, acostumbrar (a)

    I used to go camping as a child — de pequeño solía or acostumbraba ir de acampada

    I didn't use to like maths, but now I love it — antes no me gustaban las matemáticas, pero ahora me encantan

    * * *

    I [juːs]
    1) u (of machine, substance, method, word) uso m, empleo m, utilización f

    instructions for use — instrucciones, modo de empleo

    the use of force — el empleo or uso de la fuerza

    to lose the use of an arm — perder* el uso de un brazo

    to be in use — \<\<machine\>\> estar* funcionando or en funcionamiento; \<\<word/method\>\> emplearse, usarse

    to make use of something — usar algo, hacer* uso de algo

    I must make better use of my time — debo emplear or aprovechar mejor el tiempo

    to put something to good use — hacer* buen uso de algo

    2) c (application, function) uso m

    she has her uses — para algo sirve, a veces nos (or les etc) es útil

    3) u ( usefulness)

    to be (of) use to somebody — serle* útil or de utilidad a alguien, servirle* a alguien

    I'm not much use at cooking — no se me da muy bien la cocina, no sirvo para cocinar

    is this (of) any use to you? — ¿te sirve de algo esto?

    it's no use — es inútil, no hay manera, no hay caso (AmL)

    it's no use complaining — de nada sirve quejarse, no se consigue nada quejándose or con quejarse

    what's the use (of -ing)? — ¿de qué sirve (+ inf)?, ¿qué sentido tiene (+ inf)?

    to have the use of somebody's car/office — poder* usar el coche/la oficina de alguien


    II
    1. [juːz]
    1)
    a) (for task, purpose) usar

    a technique used in this treatment — una técnica que se emplea or se utiliza or se usa en este tratamiento

    use your head/imagination — usa la cabeza/la imaginación

    to use something to + INF — usar or utilizar* algo para + inf

    use a knife to open it — usa or utiliza un cuchillo para abrirla, ábrela con un cuchillo

    what's this used for? — ¿y esto para qué sirve or para qué se usa?

    b) ( avail oneself of) \<\<service/facilities\>\> utilizar*, usar, hacer* uso de

    may I use your phone? — ¿puedo hacer una llamada or llamar por teléfono?

    may I use your toilet? — ¿puedo pasar or ir al baño?

    2) ( do with) (colloq)

    I could use a drink/the money — no me vendría mal un trago/el dinero

    3) ( consume) \<\<food/fuel\>\> consumir, usar; \<\<money\>\> gastar

    use by 3 Feb 97 — fecha de caducidad: 3 feb 97, consumir antes del 3 feb 97

    4) (manipulate, exploit) (pej) utilizar*, usar (esp AmL)

    2.
    v mod [juːs] (in neg, interrog sentences)

    where did you use to live? — ¿dónde vivías?; see also used II

    Phrasal Verbs:

    English-spanish dictionary > use

  • 2 use

    1.
    [ju:s] noun
    1) Gebrauch, der; (of dictionary, calculator, room) Benutzung, die; (of word, expression; of pesticide, garlic, herb, spice) Verwendung, die; (of name, title) Führung, die; (of alcohol, drugs) Konsum, der

    the use of brutal means/methods — die Anwendung brutaler Mittel/Methoden

    the use of troops/teargas/violence — der Einsatz von Truppen/Tränengas/die Gewaltanwendung

    constant/rough use — dauernder Gebrauch/schlechte Behandlung

    [not] be in use — [nicht] in Gebrauch sein

    be no longer in use — nicht mehr verwendet werden

    be in daily etc. use — täglich usw. in Gebrauch od. Benutzung sein

    go/fall out of use — außer Gebrauch kommen

    instructions/directions for use — Gebrauchsanweisung, die

    ready for [immediate] use — [sofort] gebrauchsfertig

    batteries for use in or with watches — Batterien [speziell] für Armbanduhren

    a course for use in schools — ein Kurs für die Schule od. zur Verwendung im Schulunterricht

    for personal/private use — für den persönlichen Gebrauch/den Privatgebrauch

    for external use only — nur zur äußerlichen Anwendung

    for use in an emergency/only in case of fire — für den Notfall/nur bei Feuer zu benutzen

    with careful etc. use — bei sorgsamer usw. Behandlung

    make use of somebody/something — jemanden/etwas gebrauchen/(exploit) ausnutzen

    make the best use of something/it — das Beste aus etwas/daraus machen

    make good use of, turn or put to good use — gut nutzen [Zeit, Talent, Geld]

    2) (utility, usefulness) Nutzen, der

    these tools/clothes will be of use to somebody — dieses Werkzeug wird/diese Kleider werden für jemanden von Nutzen sein

    is it of [any] use? — ist das [irgendwie] zu gebrauchen od. von Nutzen?

    be [of] no use [to somebody] — [jemandem] nichts nützen

    he is [of] no use in a crisis/as a manager — er ist in einer Krise/als Manager zu nichts nütze od. (ugs.) nicht zu gebrauchen

    it's no use [doing that] — es hat keinen Zweck od. Sinn[, das zu tun]

    you're/that's a fat lot of use — (coll. iron.) du bist ja eine schöne Hilfe/davon haben wir aber was (ugs. iron.)

    what's the use of that/of doing that? — was nützt das/was nützt es, das zu tun?

    oh well, what's the use! — ach, was soll's schon! (ugs.)

    3) (purpose) Verwendung, die; Verwendungszweck, der

    have its/one's uses — seinen Nutzen haben

    have/find a use for something/somebody — für etwas/jemanden Verwendung haben/finden

    have no/not much use for something/somebody — etwas/jemanden nicht/kaum brauchen

    put something to a good/a new use — etwas sinnvoll/auf neu[artig]e Weise verwenden

    4) (right or power of using)

    [have the] use of kitchen and bathroom — Küchen- und Badbenutzung [haben]

    let somebody have or give somebody the use of something — jemanden etwas benutzen lassen

    2.
    [ju:z] transitive verb
    1) benutzen; nutzen [Gelegenheit]; anwenden [Gewalt]; einsetzen [Tränengas, Wasserwerfer]; in Anspruch nehmen [Firma, Agentur, Agenten, Dienstleistung]; nutzen [Zeit, Gelegenheit, Talent, Erfahrung]; führen [Namen, Titel]

    do you know how to use this tool? — kannst du mit diesem Werkzeug umgehen?

    anything you say may be used in evidence — was Sie sagen, kann vor Gericht verwendet werden

    use somebody's name [as a reference] — sich [als Empfehlung] auf jemanden berufen

    I could use the money/a drink — (coll.) ich könnte das Geld brauchen/einen Drink vertragen (ugs.)

    use one's time to do something — seine Zeit dazu nutzen, etwas zu tun

    2) (consume as material) verwenden

    use gas/oil for heating — mit Gas/Öl heizen

    ‘use sparingly’ — "sparsam verwenden!"

    3) (take habitually)

    use drugs/heroin — etc. Drogen/Heroin usw. nehmen

    4) (employ in speaking or writing) benutzen; gebrauchen; verwenden
    5) (exercise, apply) Gebrauch machen von [Autorität, Einfluss, Können, Menschenverstand]

    use diplomacy/tact [in one's dealings etc. with somebody] — [bei jemandem] diplomatisch vorgehen/[zu jemandem] taktvoll sein

    use a method/tactics — eine Methode anwenden/nach einer [bestimmten] Taktik vorgehen

    7) (treat) behandeln

    use somebody/something well/badly — jemanden/etwas gut/schlecht behandeln

    8)

    I used to live in London/work in a factory — früher habe ich in London gelebt/in einer Fabrik gearbeitet

    he used to be very shy — er war früher sehr schüchtern

    my mother always used to say... — meine Mutter hat immer gesagt od. pflegte zu sagen...

    this used to be my room — das war [früher] mein Zimmer

    I used not or I did not use — or (coll.)

    I didn't use or (coll.) I use[d]n't to smoke — früher habe ich nicht geraucht

    Phrasal Verbs:
    - academic.ru/93389/use_up">use up
    * * *
    I [ju:z] verb
    1) (to employ (something) for a purpose: What did you use to open the can?; Use your common sense!) benutzen
    2) (to consume: We're using far too much electricity.) verbrauchen
    •
    - usable
    - used
    - user
    - user-friendly
    - user guide
    - be used to something
    - be used to
    - used to     II [ju:s]
    1) (the act of using or state of being used: The use of force to persuade workers to join a strike cannot be justified; This telephone number is for use in emergencies.) der Gebrauch
    2) (the/a purpose for which something may be used: This little knife has plenty of uses; I have no further use for these clothes.) die Verwendbarkeit
    3) ((often in questions or with negatives) value or advantage: Is this coat (of) any use to you?; It's no use offering to help when it's too late.) der Nutzen
    4) (the power of using: She lost the use of her right arm as a result of the accident.) die Fähigkeit(etwas)zu gebrauchen
    5) (permission, or the right, to use: They let us have the use of their car while they were away.) das Benutzungsrecht
    •
    - useful
    - usefulness
    - usefully
    - useless
    - be in use
    - out of use
    - come in useful
    - have no use for
    - it's no use
    - make good use of
    - make use of
    - put to good use
    - put to use
    * * *
    I. vt
    [ju:z]
    1. (make use of, utilize)
    ▪ to \use sth etw benutzen; building, one's skills, training, talent etw nutzen; method etw anwenden
    this glass has been \used dieses Glas ist schon benutzt
    I could \use some help ich könnte etwas Hilfe gebrauchen
    I could \use a drink now ich könnte jetzt einen Drink vertragen fam
    this table could \use a wipe diesen Tisch könnte man auch mal wieder abwischen
    these lights are \used for illuminating the playing area mit diesen Lichtern wird die Spielfläche beleuchtet
    what perfume do you \use? welches Parfüm nimmst du?
    what shampoo do you \use? welches Shampoo benutzt du?
    I've got to \use the toilet ich muss auf die Toilette
    to \use alcohol Alkohol trinken
    to \use one's brains seinen Verstand benutzen
    to \use a chance eine Gelegenheit nutzen
    to \use a dictionary ein Wörterbuch verwenden
    to \use drugs Drogen nehmen
    to \use military force against sb Militärgewalt gegen jdn einsetzen
    to \use an idea eine Idee verwenden
    to \use logic logisch denken
    to \use one's money to do sth sein Geld dazu verwenden, etw zu tun
    to \use sb's name jds Name verwenden; (as reference) sich akk auf jdn berufen
    she \uses the name Mary Punk sie nennt sich Mary Punk
    to \use poison gas/truncheons/chemical warfare Giftgas/Schlagstöcke/chemische Waffen einsetzen
    to \use a pseudonym ein Pseudonym benutzen
    to \use service eine Dienstleistung in Anspruch nehmen
    to \use swear words fluchen
    to \use one's time to do sth seine Zeit dazu nutzen, etw zu tun
    you should \use your free time more constructively du solltest deine freie Zeit sinnvoller nutzen!
    to \use violence Gewalt anwenden
    ▪ to \use sth to do sth etw benutzen [o verwenden], um etw zu tun
    \use scissors to cut the shapes out schneiden Sie die Formen mit einer Schere aus
    you can \use this brush to apply the paint du kannst die Farbe mit diesem Pinsel auftragen
    ▪ to \use sth:
    \use your head [or BRIT also loaf] jetzt schalt doch mal dein Hirn ein! sl
    \use your imagination! lass doch mal deine Fantasie spielen!
    to \use common sense seinen gesunden Menschenverstand benutzen
    to \use discretion/tact diskret/taktvoll sein
    ▪ to \use sth etw verbrauchen
    we've \used nearly all the bread wir haben fast kein Brot mehr
    what do you \use for heating? womit heizen Sie?
    there's no more paper after this is \used wenn wir dieses Papier aufgebraucht haben, ist keines mehr da
    this radio \uses 1.5 volt batteries für dieses Radio braucht man 1,5 Volt Batterien
    to \use energy Energie verbrauchen
    4. ( usu pej: manipulate, impose upon)
    ▪ to \use sb jdn benutzen; (exploit)
    ▪ to \use sb/sth jdn/etw ausnutzen
    to \use sb badly/well jdn schlecht/gut behandeln
    he's \used her despicably er hat ihr übel mitgespielt
    II. n
    [ju:s]
    1. (application, employment) Verwendung f ( for für + akk); of dictionary also Benutzung f; of labour Einsatz m; of leftovers Verwertung f; of talent, experience Nutzung m
    don't throw that away, you'll find a \use for it one day wirf das nicht weg — eines Tages wirst du es schon noch irgendwie verwenden können
    a food processor has a variety of \uses in the kitchen eine Küchenmaschine kann man auf ganz unterschiedliche Weise in der Küche einsetzen
    they've called for further restrictions on the \use of leaded petrol sie forderten weitere Einschränkungen für die Verwendung von verbleitem Benzin
    she lost the \use of her fingers in the accident seit dem Unfall kann sie ihre Finger nicht mehr benutzen
    the \use of alcohol/drugs der Alkohol-/Drogenkonsum
    by the \use of deception durch Täuschung
    directions for \use Gebrauchsanweisung f
    for \use in an emergency für den Notfall
    for \use in case of fire bei Feuer
    the \use of force/a particular method die Anwendung von Gewalt/einer bestimmten Methode
    the correct \use of language der korrekte Sprachgebrauch
    the \use of poison gas/truncheons/chemical warfare der Einsatz von Tränengas/Schlagstöcken/chemischen Waffen
    to be in daily \use täglich verwendet werden
    for external \use only nur zur äußerlichen Anwendung
    to be no longer in \use nicht mehr benutzt werden
    ready for \use gebrauchsfertig; machine einsatzbereit
    for private \use only nur für den Privatgebrauch
    to come into \use in Gebrauch kommen
    to find a \use for sth für etw akk Verwendung finden
    to go [or fall] out of \use nicht mehr benutzt werden
    to have no [further] \use for sth keine Verwendung [mehr] für etw akk haben
    do you have any \use for these old notes? kannst du diese alten Unterlagen irgendwie verwenden?
    to make \use of sth etw benutzen [o ÖSTERR a. benützen]; experience, talent etw nutzen; leftovers etw verwenden; connections von etw dat Gebrauch machen
    can you make \use of that? kannst du das gebrauchen?
    to put sth to \use etw verwenden
    to be able to put sth to good \use etw gut verwenden können
    to be able to put one's experience to good \use seine Erfahrung gut einbringen können
    in/out of \use in/außer Gebrauch
    2. (consumption) Verwendung f
    building a dam would be a \use of financial resources which this country cannot afford für einen Dammbau würde dieses Land Gelder verwenden müssen, die es nicht aufbringen kann
    3. (usefulness) Nutzen m
    is this of any \use at all? nützt das vielleicht was? fam
    can I be of any \use? kann ich vielleicht irgendwie behilflich sein?
    what's the \use of shouting? was bringt es denn herumzuschreien?
    there's no \use complaining Herumjammern bringt auch nichts fam
    what \use is praying? wozu soll das Beten nutzen?
    it has its \uses das kann auch nützlich sein
    he's no \use as an editor als Redakteur ist er nicht zu gebrauchen
    what's the \use was soll's! fam; ( pej fam)
    that's a fat lot of \use da haben wir ja auch was von! iron fam
    to be no \use keine Hilfe sein
    to be no/not much \use to sb jdm nichts/nicht viel nützen
    ▪ to be of \use to sb für jdn von Nutzen [o nützlich] sein
    is this of any \use to you? kannst du das vielleicht gebrauchen?
    ▪ it's no \use [doing sth] es hat keinen Zweck[, etw zu tun]
    it's no \use — I just can't stand the man es hilft alles nichts — ich kann den Mann einfach nicht ausstehen!
    it's no \use trying to escape — no one has ever got away before wir brauchen erst gar nicht versuchen auszubrechen — das hat bisher noch keiner geschafft!
    to have the \use of sth bathroom, car etw benutzen [o ÖSTERR a. benützen] dürfen
    to give sb [or let sb have] the \use of sth jdn etw benutzen [o ÖSTERR a. benützen] lassen
    5. (custom) Brauch m
    ▪ to be out of [or AM, AUS usu not in] \use nicht funktionieren
    the escalator is out of \use der Aufzug ist außer Betrieb
    7. REL Ritual nt
    8. LAW ( old) Nießbrauch m fachspr
    * * *
    I [juːz]
    1. vt
    1) (= utilize) benutzen; dictionary, means, tools, object, materials verwenden, benutzen; sb's suggestion, idea verwenden; word, literary style gebrauchen, verwenden, benutzen; swear words gebrauchen, benutzen; brains, intelligence gebrauchen; method, system, technique, therapy, force, trickery anwenden; one's abilities, powers of persuasion, one's strength aufwenden, anwenden; tact, care walten lassen; drugs einnehmen

    use only in emergencies — nur im Notfall gebrauchen or benutzen

    I have to use the toilet before I go —

    to use sth for sth —

    he used it as a spoon the police used truncheons — er hat es als Löffel benutzt or verwendet die Polizei setzte Schlagstöcke ein, die Polizei benutzte or gebrauchte Schlagstöcke

    the money is to be used to set up a trust —

    what sort of fuel do you use? — welchen Treibstoff verwenden Sie?, mit welchem Treibstoff fahren Sie?

    why don't you use a hammer? — warum nehmen Sie nicht einen Hammer dazu?, warum benutzen or verwenden Sie nicht einen Hammer dazu?

    to use sb's name — jds Namen verwenden or benutzen; (as reference) jds Namen angeben, sich auf jdn berufen

    2) (= make use of, exploit) information, one's training, talents, resources, chances, opportunity (aus)nutzen, (aus)nützen (S Ger); advantage nutzen; waste products nutzen, verwerten

    you can use the leftovers to make a soup —

    3) (inf)
    4) (= use up, consume) verbrauchen
    5) (obs, liter: treat) behandeln

    how has the world been using you? (not obs, liter) — wie gehts, wie stehts?

    6) (pej: exploit) ausnutzen

    I feel ( I've just been) used — ich habe das Gefühl, man hat mich ausgenutzt; (sexually) ich komme mir missbraucht vor

    2. n
    [juːs]
    1) (= employment) Verwendung f; (of materials, tools, means, dictionary) Benutzung f, Verwendung f; (= operation of machines etc) Benutzung f; (= working with of dictionary, calculator etc) Gebrauch m; (of word, style) Gebrauch m, Verwendung f; (of swearwords, arms, intelligence) Gebrauch m; (of method, system, technique, force, powers of persuasion) Anwendung f; (of personnel, truncheons etc) Verwendung f, Einsatz m; (of drugs) Einnahme f

    the use of a calculator to solve... — die Verwendung eines Rechners, um... zu lösen

    for external use —

    ready for use — gebrauchsfertig; machine einsatzbereit

    to make use of sth — von etw Gebrauch machen, etw benutzen

    in use/out of use — in or im/außer Gebrauch; machines also in/außer Betrieb

    to be in daily use/no longer in use — täglich/nicht mehr benutzt or verwendet or gebraucht werden

    2) (= exploitation, making use of) Nutzung f; (of waste products, leftovers etc) Verwertung f

    to make good/bad use of sth — etw gut/schlecht nutzen

    3) (= way of using) Verwendung f

    to learn the use of sth — lernen, wie etw verwendet or benutzt or gebraucht wird

    to have no use for (lit, fig) — nicht gebrauchen können, keine Verwendung haben für

    to have no further use for sb/sth — keine Verwendung mehr haben für jdn/etw, jdn/etw nicht mehr brauchen

    4) (= usefulness) Nutzen m

    this is no use any more — das taugt nichts mehr, das ist zu nichts mehr zu gebrauchen

    is this (of) any use to you? — können Sie das brauchen?, können Sie damit was anfangen?

    he/it has his/its uses — er/das ist ganz nützlich

    you're no use to me if you can't spell — du nützt mir nichts, wenn du keine Rechtschreibung kannst

    he's no use as a goalkeeper — er taugt nicht als Torhüter, er ist als Torhüter nicht zu gebrauchen

    a (fat) lot of use that will be to you! (iro inf) — da hast du aber was davon

    this is no use, we must start work — so hat das keinen Zweck or Sinn, wir müssen etwas tun

    it's no use you or your protesting — es hat keinen Sinn or es nützt nichts, wenn du protestierst

    what's the use of telling him? — was nützt es, wenn man es ihm sagt?

    what's the use in trying/going? — wozu überhaupt versuchen/gehen?

    ah, what's the use! — ach, was solls!

    5) (= right) Nutznießung f (JUR)

    to give sb the use of sth — jdn etw benutzen lassen; of car also, of money jdm etw zur Verfügung stellen

    6) (= custom) Brauch m, Usus m (geh)
    7) (ECCL) Brauch m
    II [juːs]
    vb aux
    See:
    → used
    * * *
    use [juːz]
    A v/t
    1. gebrauchen, benutzen, an-, verwenden, sich (gen) bedienen, Gebrauch machen von, eine Gelegenheit etc nutzen oder sich zunutze machen:
    use one’s brains den Verstand gebrauchen, seinen Kopf anstrengen;
    use care Sorgfalt verwenden;
    use force Gewalt anwenden;
    use one’s legs zu Fuß gehen;
    may I use your name? darf ich mich auf Sie berufen?;
    use a right von einem Recht Gebrauch machen;
    anything you say may be used against you JUR alles, was Sie sagen, kann gegen Sie verwendet werden
    2. ein Gerät etc handhaben
    3. verwenden (on auf akk)
    a) auf-, verbrauchen, jemandes Kraft erschöpfen,
    b) umg jemanden fertigmachen, erschöpfen: → used1 2
    5. a) besonders US gewohnheitsmäßig zu sich nehmen:
    use drugs Drogen nehmen;
    use tobacco rauchen
    b) brauchen:
    6. behandeln, verfahren mit:
    use sb ill jemanden schlecht behandeln;
    how has the world used you? umg wie ist es dir ergangen?
    7. pej jemanden benutzen, auch eine Situation etc ausnutzen
    8. Zeit verbringen
    B v/i obs (außer im prät) pflegen ( to do zu tun):
    it used to be said that … man pflegte zu sagen, dass …;
    he does not come as often as he used to er kommt nicht mehr so oft wie früher oder sonst;
    he used to be a polite man er war früher oder sonst (immer) sehr höflich;
    he used to live here er wohnte früher hier;
    she used to astonish me with … sie überraschte mich immer wieder mit …;
    I used to smoke ich hab früher oder einmal geraucht;
    did you really use to smoke? hast du früher wirklich geraucht?
    C s [juːs]
    1. Gebrauch m, Benutzung f, An-, Verwendung f:
    for use zum Gebrauch;
    for use in schools für den Schulgebrauch;
    in use in Gebrauch, gebräuchlich;
    be in daily use täglich gebraucht werden;
    be in common use allgemein gebräuchlich sein;
    come into use in Gebrauch kommen;
    out of use nicht in Gebrauch, nicht mehr gebräuchlich;
    fall ( oder pass) out of use ungebräuchlich werden, außer Gebrauch kommen;
    with use durch (ständigen) Gebrauch;
    make use of Gebrauch machen von, benutzen;
    make use of sb’s name sich auf jemanden berufen;
    make (a) bad use of (einen) schlechten Gebrauch machen von;
    make full use of sth etwas voll ausnützen;
    peaceful uses pl of atomic energy friedliche Nutzung der Atomenergie
    2. a) Verwendung(szweck) f(m)
    b) Brauchbarkeit f, Verwendbarkeit f
    c) Zweck m, Sinn m, Nutzen m, Nützlichkeit f:
    of use (to) nützlich (dat), brauchbar oder von Nutzen (für);
    of no use nutz-, zwecklos, unbrauchbar, unnütz;
    is this of use to you? können Sie das (ge)brauchen?;
    crying is no use Weinen führt zu nichts;
    it is no ( oder it isn’t any) use talking es ist nutz- oder zwecklos zu reden, es hat keinen Zweck zu reden;
    what is the use of it? was hat das (überhaupt) für einen Zweck?;
    a) nicht brauchen können,
    b) mit etwas od jemandem nichts anfangen können,
    c) bes US umg nichts übrighaben für jemanden od etwas;
    put to (good) use (gut) an- oder verwenden;
    this tool has different uses dieses Gerät kann für verschiedene Zwecke verwendet werden; → further B 1
    3. Kraft f oder Fähigkeit f (etwas) zu gebrauchen, Gebrauch m:
    he lost the use of his right eye er kann auf dem rechten Auge nichts mehr sehen;
    have the use of one’s limbs sich bewegen können
    4. Benutzungsrecht n:
    have the use of sth etwas benutzen können oder dürfen
    5. Gewohnheit f, Brauch m:
    6. JUR
    a) Nießbrauch m, Nutznießung f
    b) Nutzen m
    7. oft Use REL liturgischer Brauch, (Kirchen)Brauch m
    * * *
    1.
    [ju:s] noun
    1) Gebrauch, der; (of dictionary, calculator, room) Benutzung, die; (of word, expression; of pesticide, garlic, herb, spice) Verwendung, die; (of name, title) Führung, die; (of alcohol, drugs) Konsum, der

    the use of brutal means/methods — die Anwendung brutaler Mittel/Methoden

    the use of troops/teargas/violence — der Einsatz von Truppen/Tränengas/die Gewaltanwendung

    constant/rough use — dauernder Gebrauch/schlechte Behandlung

    [not] be in use — [nicht] in Gebrauch sein

    be in daily etc. use — täglich usw. in Gebrauch od. Benutzung sein

    go/fall out of use — außer Gebrauch kommen

    instructions/directions for use — Gebrauchsanweisung, die

    ready for [immediate] use — [sofort] gebrauchsfertig

    batteries for use in or with watches — Batterien [speziell] für Armbanduhren

    a course for use in schools — ein Kurs für die Schule od. zur Verwendung im Schulunterricht

    for personal/private use — für den persönlichen Gebrauch/den Privatgebrauch

    for use in an emergency/only in case of fire — für den Notfall/nur bei Feuer zu benutzen

    with careful etc. use — bei sorgsamer usw. Behandlung

    make use of somebody/something — jemanden/etwas gebrauchen/ (exploit) ausnutzen

    make the best use of something/it — das Beste aus etwas/daraus machen

    make good use of, turn or put to good use — gut nutzen [Zeit, Talent, Geld]

    2) (utility, usefulness) Nutzen, der

    these tools/clothes will be of use to somebody — dieses Werkzeug wird/diese Kleider werden für jemanden von Nutzen sein

    is it of [any] use? — ist das [irgendwie] zu gebrauchen od. von Nutzen?

    be [of] no use [to somebody] — [jemandem] nichts nützen

    he is [of] no use in a crisis/as a manager — er ist in einer Krise/als Manager zu nichts nütze od. (ugs.) nicht zu gebrauchen

    it's no use [doing that] — es hat keinen Zweck od. Sinn[, das zu tun]

    you're/that's a fat lot of use — (coll. iron.) du bist ja eine schöne Hilfe/davon haben wir aber was (ugs. iron.)

    what's the use of that/of doing that? — was nützt das/was nützt es, das zu tun?

    oh well, what's the use! — ach, was soll's schon! (ugs.)

    3) (purpose) Verwendung, die; Verwendungszweck, der

    have its/one's uses — seinen Nutzen haben

    have/find a use for something/somebody — für etwas/jemanden Verwendung haben/finden

    have no/not much use for something/somebody — etwas/jemanden nicht/kaum brauchen

    put something to a good/a new use — etwas sinnvoll/auf neu[artig]e Weise verwenden

    [have the] use of kitchen and bathroom — Küchen- und Badbenutzung [haben]

    let somebody have or give somebody the use of something — jemanden etwas benutzen lassen

    2.
    [ju:z] transitive verb
    1) benutzen; nutzen [Gelegenheit]; anwenden [Gewalt]; einsetzen [Tränengas, Wasserwerfer]; in Anspruch nehmen [Firma, Agentur, Agenten, Dienstleistung]; nutzen [Zeit, Gelegenheit, Talent, Erfahrung]; führen [Namen, Titel]

    anything you say may be used in evidence — was Sie sagen, kann vor Gericht verwendet werden

    use somebody's name [as a reference] — sich [als Empfehlung] auf jemanden berufen

    I could use the money/a drink — (coll.) ich könnte das Geld brauchen/einen Drink vertragen (ugs.)

    use one's time to do something — seine Zeit dazu nutzen, etwas zu tun

    use gas/oil for heating — mit Gas/Öl heizen

    ‘use sparingly’ — "sparsam verwenden!"

    use drugs/heroin — etc. Drogen/Heroin usw. nehmen

    4) (employ in speaking or writing) benutzen; gebrauchen; verwenden
    5) (exercise, apply) Gebrauch machen von [Autorität, Einfluss, Können, Menschenverstand]

    use diplomacy/tact [in one's dealings etc. with somebody] — [bei jemandem] diplomatisch vorgehen/[zu jemandem] taktvoll sein

    use a method/tactics — eine Methode anwenden/nach einer [bestimmten] Taktik vorgehen

    7) (treat) behandeln

    use somebody/something well/badly — jemanden/etwas gut/schlecht behandeln

    8)

    used to — (formerly)

    I used to live in London/work in a factory — früher habe ich in London gelebt/in einer Fabrik gearbeitet

    my mother always used to say... — meine Mutter hat immer gesagt od. pflegte zu sagen...

    this used to be my room — das war [früher] mein Zimmer

    I used not or I did not use — or (coll.)

    I didn't use or (coll.) I use[d]n't to smoke — früher habe ich nicht geraucht

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    v.
    anwenden v.
    ausführen v.
    belegen v.
    benutzen v.
    gebrauchen v.
    nutzen v.
    verwenden v.
    wahrnehmen (Vorteil, Gelegenheit) v. n.
    Anwendung f.
    Benutzung f.
    Gebrauch -¨e m.
    Inanspruchnahme f.
    Nutzung -en f.
    Verwendung f.
    Verwendungszweck m.

    English-german dictionary > use

  • 3 for

    1. preposition
    1) (representing, on behalf of, in exchange against) für; (in place of) für; anstelle von

    what is the German for "buzz"? — wie heißt "buzz" auf Deutsch?

    2) (in defence, support, or favour of) für

    be for doing something — dafür sein, etwas zu tun

    it's each [man] or every man for himself — jeder ist auf sich selbst gestellt

    3) (to the benefit of) für
    4) (with a view to) für; (conducive[ly] to) zu

    they invited me for Christmas/Monday/supper — sie haben mich zu Weihnachten/für Montag/zum Abendessen eingeladen

    what is it for? — wofür/wozu ist das?

    5) (being the motive of) für; (having as purpose) zu

    take somebody for a ride in the car/a walk — jemanden im Auto spazieren fahren/mit jemandem einen Spaziergang machen

    work for a living — für den Lebensunterhalt arbeiten

    run/jump etc. for it — loslaufen/-springen usw.

    7) (to reach) nach

    set out for England/the north/an island — nach England/Norden/zu einer Insel aufbrechen

    8) (to be received by) für

    that's Jim for you — das sieht Jim mal wieder ähnlich

    be dressed/ready for dinner — zum Dinner angezogen/fertig sein

    have something for breakfast/pudding — etwas zum Frühstück/Nachtisch haben

    enough... for — genug... für

    too... for — zu... für

    there is nothing for it but to do something — es gibt keine andere Möglichkeit, als etwas zu tun

    10) (to the amount of)

    cheque/ bill for £5 — Scheck/Rechnung über od. in Höhe von 5 Pfund

    things don't look very promising for the business — was die Geschäfte angeht, sieht das alles nicht sehr vielversprechend aus

    it is wise/advisable for somebody to do something — es ist vernünftig/ratsam, dass jemand etwas tut

    it's hopeless for me to try and explain the system — es ist sinnlos, dir das System erklären zu wollen

    12) (as being) für

    I/you etc. for one — ich/ du usw. für mein[en]/dein[en] usw. Teil

    famous/well-known for something — berühmt/ bekannt wegen od. für etwas

    jump/ shout for joy — vor Freude in die Luft springen/schreien

    were it not for you/ your help, I should not be able to do it — ohne dich/deine Hilfe wäre ich nicht dazu in der Lage

    for all... — trotz...

    for all that,... — trotzdem...

    16) (on account of the hindrance of) vor (+ Dat.)

    for fear of... — aus Angst vor (+ Dat.)

    but for..., except for... — wenn nicht... gewesen wäre, [dann]...

    17) (so far as concerns)

    for all I know/care... — möglicherweise/was mich betrifft,...

    for one thing,... — zunächst einmal...

    18) (considering the usual nature of) für
    19) (during) seit

    we've/we haven't been here for three years — wir sind seit drei Jahren hier/nicht mehr hier gewesen

    we waited for hours/three hours — wir warteten stundenlang/drei Stunden lang

    sit here for now or for the moment — bleiben Sie im Augenblick hier sitzen

    20) (to the extent of)

    walk for 20 miles/for another 20 miles — 20 Meilen [weit] gehen/weiter gehen

    21)

    be for it — (coll.) dran sein (ugs.); sich auf was gefasst machen können (ugs.)

    2. conjunction
    (since, as proof) denn
    * * *
    [fo:] 1. preposition
    1) (to be given or sent to: This letter is for you.) für
    2) (towards; in the direction of: We set off for London.) nach
    3) (through a certain time or distance: for three hours; for three miles.) für
    4) (in order to have, get, be etc: He asked me for some money; Go for a walk.) nach
    5) (in return; as payment: He paid $2 for his ticket.) für
    6) (in order to be prepared: He's getting ready for the journey.) für
    7) (representing: He is the member of parliament for Hull.) für
    8) (on behalf of: Will you do it for me?)
    9) (in favour of: Are you for or against the plan?) dafür
    10) (because of: for this reason.) wegen, aus
    11) (having a particular purpose: She gave me money for the bus fare.) für
    12) (indicating an ability or an attitude to: a talent for baking; an ear for music.) für
    13) (as being: They mistook him for someone else.) für
    14) (considering what is used in the case of: It is quite warm for January (= considering that it is January when it is usually cold).) für
    15) (in spite of: For all his money, he didn't seem happy.) trotz
    2. conjunction
    (because: It must be late, for I have been here a long time.) denn
    * * *
    [fɔ:ʳ, fəʳ, AM fɔ:r, fɚ]
    I. conj ( liter or dated) denn
    II. prep
    1. (intended to be given to) für + akk
    I bought a new collar \for my dog ich habe ein neues Halsband für meinen Hund gekauft
    this is a birthday present \for you hier ist ein Geburtstagsgeschenk für dich
    there are government subsidies available \for farmers für Bauern gibt es Zuschüsse vom Staat
    to vote \for sb/sth für jdn/etw stimmen
    they voted \for independence in a referendum sie haben sich in einem Referendum für die Unabhängigkeit ausgesprochen
    ▪ to be \for sb/sth für jdn/etw sein
    his followers are still \for him seine Anhänger unterstützen ihn noch immer
    to be \for a good cause für einen guten Zweck sein
    to be all \for sth ganz für etw akk sein
    to be \for doing sth dafür sein, dass etw getan wird
    are you \for banning smoking in public places? sind Sie dafür, das Rauchen in der Öffentlichkeit zu verbieten?
    3. (regarding sb) für + akk
    I'm happy \for you that it finally worked out ich freue mich für dich, dass es endlich geklappt hat
    you're not making it easy \for me to tell you the truth du machst es mir nicht gerade einfach, dir die Wahrheit zu sagen
    the coffee was too strong \for me der Kaffee war mir zu stark
    luckily \for me, I already had another job zu meinem Glück hatte ich bereits eine andere Stelle
    the admiration she felt \for him soon died ihre Bewunderung für ihn war schnell verflogen
    is this seat high enough \for you? ist Ihnen dieser Sitz hoch genug?
    I feel sorry \for her sie tut mir leid
    to feel nothing but contempt \for sb/sth nichts als Verachtung für jdn/etw empfinden
    ▪ to be concerned \for sb/sth um jdn/etw besorgt sein
    to feel \for sb mit jdm fühlen
    as \for me was mich betrifft [o angeht]
    Jackie's already left and, as \for me, I'm going at the end of the month Jackie ist schon weg, und was mich angeht, ich gehe Ende des Monats
    4. (regarding sth) für + akk
    how are you doing \for money? wie sieht es bei dir mit dem Geld aus?
    \for my part was mich betrifft
    \for all I know möglicherweise
    \for all I know, he could have left the country möglicherweise hat er schon das Land verlassen
    to be responsible \for sth für etw akk verantwortlich sein
    to prepare \for sth sich akk auf etw akk vorbereiten
    5. (comparing) für + akk
    the summer has been quite hot \for England für England war das ein ziemlich heißer Sommer
    ▪ to be too big/fast \for sb/sth zu groß/schnell für jdn/etw sein
    she's very mature \for her age sie ist für ihr Alter schon sehr reif
    the weather is warm \for the time of year für diese Jahreszeit ist das Wetter mild
    he's quite thoughtful \for a child of 8 für einen Achtjährigen ist er ziemlich rücksichtsvoll
    6. (to get, have)
    oh \for something to drink! hätte ich doch bloß etwas zu trinken!
    oh \for a strong black coffee! und jetzt einen starken schwarzen Kaffee!
    he did it \for the fame er tat es, um berühmt zu werden
    even though he's in this \for the money, we still need him auch wenn er es nur wegen des Geldes tut, wir brauchen ihn
    she's eager \for a chance to show that she's a capable worker sie möchte gerne beweisen, dass sie eine fähige Mitarbeiterin ist
    demand \for money Bedarf m an Geld
    to send \for the doctor den Arzt holen
    to apply \for a job sich akk um eine Stelle bewerben
    to have a need \for sth etw brauchen
    to look \for a way to do sth nach einer Möglichkeit suchen, etw zu tun
    to ask \for sth um etw akk bitten
    7. (on behalf of, representing) für + akk
    he's an agent \for models and actors er ist Agent für Models und Schauspieler
    next time you see them, say hi \for me grüß sie von mir, wenn du sie wieder siehst
    the messenger was there \for his boss der Bote war in Vertretung seines Chefs dort
    to do sth \for sb etw für jdn tun
    to do sth \for oneself etw selbst tun
    8. (as ordered by) für + akk
    ▪ to do sth \for sb/sth etw für jdn/etw tun
    they had to do extra work \for their boss sie mussten noch zusätzliche Arbeiten für ihren Chef erledigen
    I have some things to do \for school ich muss noch etwas für die Schule machen
    9. (employed by) bei + dat
    she is a tutor \for the Open University sie ist Tutorin an der Fernuniversität
    to work \for sb/sth bei jdm/etw [o für jdn/etw] arbeiten
    10. (purpose, aim) für + akk
    what's that \for? wofür ist das?
    that's useful \for removing rust damit kann man gut Rost entfernen
    that's not \for eating das ist nicht zum Essen
    a course \for beginners in Russian ein Russischkurs für Anfänger
    \for your information zu Ihrer Information
    \for the record der Ordnung halber
    the spokesman told the press \for the record that the president was in good health der Sprecher sagte der Presse für das Protokoll, der Präsident sei bei guter Gesundheit
    for rent/sale zu vermieten/verkaufen
    bikes \for rent Räder zu vermieten
    to be not \for sale unverkäuflich sein
    to wait \for sb/sth auf jdn/etw warten
    to wait \for sb to do sth darauf warten, dass jd etw tut
    ▪ to do sth \for sth/sb etw für etw/jdn tun
    what did you do that \for? wozu hast du das getan?
    what do you use these enormous scissors \for? wozu brauchst du diese riesige Schere?
    he is taking medication \for his heart condition er nimmt Medikamente für sein Herz
    you need to move closer \for me to hear you du musst ein bisschen näher herkommen, damit ich dich hören kann
    11. (because of) wegen + gen; (out of) aus + dat; (with) vor + dat
    I don't eat meat \for various reasons ich esse aus verschiedenen Gründen kein Fleisch
    I could dance and sing \for joy! ich könnte vor Freude tanzen und singen!
    he apologized \for being late er entschuldigte sich wegen seiner Verspätung
    Bob was looking all the better \for his three weeks in Spain nach seinen drei Wochen Spanien sah Bob viel besser aus
    how are you? — fine, and all the better \for seeing you! wie geht's? — gut, und jetzt wo ich dich sehe, gleich noch viel besser!
    I could not see \for the tears in my eyes ich konnte vor Tränen in den Augen gar nicht sehen
    if it hadn't been \for him, we wouldn't be here right now ( form) ohne ihn wären wir jetzt nicht hier
    \for fear of sth aus Angst vor etw dat
    \for lack of sth aus Mangel an etw dat
    to be arrested \for murder wegen Mordes verhaftet werden
    \for that [or this] reason aus diesem Grund
    to be famous \for sth für etw akk berühmt sein
    to love sb \for sth jdn für etw akk lieben
    she loves him just \for being himself sie liebt ihn einfach dafür, dass er so ist, wie er ist
    12. (as destination) nach + dat
    this train is \for Birmingham dieser Zug fährt nach Birmingham
    he made \for home in a hurry er eilte schnell nach Hause
    just follow signs \for the town centre folgen Sie einfach den Schildern in die Innenstadt
    to go \for sb [with one's fists] [mit den Fäusten] auf jdn losgehen
    to run \for sb/sth zu jdm/etw laufen
    I had to run \for the bus ich musste laufen, um den Bus noch zu kriegen
    13. (meaning)
    to be \for sth für etw akk stehen
    A is \for ‘airlines’ A steht für ‚Airlines‘
    to stand \for sth etw bedeuten, für etw akk stehen
    what does the M.J. stand \for? María José? was bedeutet M.J.? María José?
    what's the Spanish word \for ‘vegetarian’? was heißt ‚Vegetarier‘ auf Spanisch?
    14. (in return, exchange) für + akk
    she paid a high price \for loyalty to her boss sie hat einen hohen Preis für die Loyalität zu ihrem Chef gezahlt
    that's \for cheating on me! das ist dafür, dass du mich betrogen hast!
    how much did you pay \for your glasses? wie viel hast du für deine Brille gezahlt?
    a cheque \for £100 eine Scheck über 100 Pfund
    not \for a million dollars [or \for all the world] um nichts in der Welt
    I wouldn't go out with him \for a million dollars ich würde für kein Geld der Welt mit ihm ausgehen
    to do sth \for nothing etw umsonst machen
    to buy/sell sth \for 100 euro/a lot of money etw für 100 Euro/viel Geld kaufen/verkaufen
    you can buy a bestseller \for about £6 Sie bekommen einen Bestseller schon für 6 Pfund
    to trade sth \for sth etw gegen etw akk [ein]tauschen
    15. (with a period of time) für + akk; (ongoing) seit + dat
    I'm just going to sleep \for half an hour ich lege mich mal eine halbe Stunde schlafen
    he was jailed \for twelve years er musste für zwölf Jahre ins Gefängnis
    my father has been smoking \for 10 years mein Vater raucht seit 10 Jahren
    \for the next two days in den beiden nächsten Tagen
    \for a bit/while ein bisschen/eine Weile
    play here \for a while! spiel doch mal ein bisschen hier!
    I'm just going out \for a while ich gehe mal kurz raus fam
    \for eternity/ever bis in alle Ewigkeit
    this pact is \for ever dieser Pakt gilt für immer und ewig
    \for the moment im Augenblick
    \for a time eine Zeit lang
    \for a long time seit Langem
    I hadn't seen him \for such a long time that I didn't recognize him ich hatte ihn schon so lange nicht mehr gesehen, dass ich ihn nicht erkannte
    \for some time seit Längerem
    \for the time being für den Augenblick, vorübergehend
    16. (a distance of)
    \for a kilometre/mile einen Kilometer/eine Meile
    he always jogs \for 5 kilometres before breakfast er joggt immer 5 Kilometer vor dem Frühstück
    17. (at a certain date, time, occasion) für + akk
    he booked a table at the restaurant \for nine o'clock er reservierte in dem Restaurant einen Tisch für neun Uhr
    they set their wedding date \for September 15 sie setzten ihre Hochzeit für den 15. September fest
    I need some money \for tonight ich brauche etwas Geld für heute Abend
    what did you buy him \for Christmas? was hast du ihm zu Weihnachten gekauft?
    he arrived at 8.00 \for dinner at 8.30 er kam um acht zu dem für halb neun verabredeten Abendessen
    to invite sb \for dinner/lunch jdn zum Abendessen/Mittagessen einladen
    \for the first time zum ersten Mal
    \for the [very] last time zum [aller]letzten Mal
    \for the first/second time running im ersten/zweiten Durchlauf
    18. (despite) trotz + gen
    , ungeachtet +gen geh
    \for all that trotz alledem
    \for all his effort, the experiment was a failure das Experiment war trotz all seiner Anstrengungen ein Fehlschlag
    19. (per) für + akk
    there is one teacher \for every 25 students in our school in unserer Schule kommt auf 25 Schüler ein Lehrer
    \for every cigarette you smoke, you take off one day of your life mit jeder Zigarette, die du rauchst, verkürzt sich dein Leben um einen Tag
    to repeat sth word \for word etw Wort für Wort wiederholen
    20. (the duty of)
    ▪ to [not] be \for sb to do sth [nicht] jds Sache sein, etw zu tun
    it's not \for me to tell her what to do es ist nicht meine Aufgabe, ihr vorzuschreiben, was sie zu tun hat
    the decision is not \for him to make die Entscheidung liegt nicht bei ihm
    21. (as) für + akk
    she thought it \for a lie but didn't say anything sie hielt es für gelogen, sagte aber nichts
    I \for one am sick of this bickering ich für meinen Teil habe genug von diesem Gezänk
    22.
    ▶ \for Africa SA ( fam) Unmengen + gen
    I've got homework \for Africa ich habe noch jede Menge Hausaufgaben fam
    ▶ to be [in] \for it ( fam) Schwierigkeiten bekommen
    you're in \for it! jetzt bist du dran! fam
    ▶ \for crying out loud um Himmels willen
    ▶ an eye \for an eye Auge um Auge
    ▶ that's Jane/Mark/etc. \for you so ist Jane/Mark/etc. eben!, das sieht Jane/Mark/etc. mal wieder ähnlich!, das ist wieder mal typisch für Jane/Mark/etc.!
    that's children \for you! so sind Kinder eben!
    ▶ that's/there's sth \for you ( pej)
    there's gratitude \for you! und so was nennt sich Dankbarkeit! fam
    there's manners \for you! das sind [mir] ja schöne Manieren! iron fam
    * * *
    I [fɔː(r)]
    1. prep
    1) (intention) für; (purpose) zu, für; (destination) nach

    clothes for children — Kleidung f für Kinder, Kinderkleidung f

    what for? — wofür?, wozu?

    what did you do that for? —

    a room for working in/sewing — ein Zimmer zum Arbeiten/Nähen

    a bag for carrying books (in) — eine Tasche, um Bücher zu tragen

    fit for nothing —

    ready for anything —

    this will do for a hammer — das kann man als Hammer nehmen

    to leave for the USA — in die USA or nach Amerika abreisen

    he swam for the shore — er schwamm auf die Küste zu, er schwamm in Richtung Küste

    2)

    (indicating suitability) it's not for you to ask questions — Sie haben kein Recht, Fragen zu stellen

    it's not for me to say — es steht mir nicht zu, mich dazu zu äußern

    3)

    (= representing, instead of) I'll speak to her for you if you like —

    I need someone to make up my mind for me — ich brauche jemanden, der die Entscheidung für mich trifft

    she works for a bank (in the bank) — sie arbeitet bei or in einer Bank; (outside the bank) sie arbeitet für eine Bank

    4) (= in defence, in favour of) für

    I'm all for it — ich bin ganz or sehr dafür

    I'm all for helping him —

    5)

    (= with regard to) anxious for sb — um jdn besorgt

    as for him/that — was ihn/das betrifft

    warm/cold for the time of year — warm/kalt für die Jahreszeit

    6) (= because of) aus

    he did it for fear of being left — er tat es aus Angst, zurückgelassen zu werden

    he is famous for his jokes/his big nose — er ist für seine Witze bekannt/wegen seiner großen Nase berühmt

    do it for me — tu es für mich

    7) (= in spite of) trotz (+gen or (inf) +dat)

    for all that, you should have warned me — Sie hätten mich trotz allem warnen sollen

    8) (= in exchange) für

    to pay four euros for a ticket — vier Euro für eine Fahrkarte zahlen

    he'll do it for ten pounds —

    9)

    (= in contrast) for every job that is created, two are lost — für jede Stelle, die neu geschaffen wird, gehen zwei verloren

    10) (in time) seit; (with future tense) für

    I had/have known her for years — ich kannte/kenne sie schon seit Jahren

    he won't be back for a week — er wird erst in einer Woche zurück sein

    can you get it done for Monday/this time next week? — können Sie es bis or für Montag/bis in einer Woche fertig haben?

    for a while/time — (für) eine Weile/einige Zeit

    11)

    (distance) the road is lined with trees for two miles — die Straße ist auf or über zwei Meilen mit Bäumen gesäumt

    12)

    (with verbs) to pray for peace — für den or um Frieden beten

    See:
    → vbs
    13) (after n: indicating liking, aptitude etc) für

    his knack for saying the wrong thing — sein Talent, das Falsche zu sagen

    14)

    (with infin clauses) for this to be possible — damit dies möglich wird

    it's easy for him to do it — für ihn ist es leicht, das zu tun, er kann das leicht tun

    I brought it for you to see — ich habe es mitgebracht, damit Sie es sich (dat) ansehen können

    the best thing would be for you to leave — das Beste wäre, wenn Sie weggingen

    their one hope is for him to return — ihre einzige Hoffnung ist, dass er zurückkommt

    15)

    (phrases) to do sth for oneself — etw alleine tun

    2. conj
    denn
    3. adj pred
    (= in favour) dafür

    17 were for, 13 against — 17 waren dafür, 13 dagegen

    II abbr frei Bahn
    * * *
    for [fɔː(r); unbetont fə(r)]
    A präp
    1. allg für:
    it was very awkward for her es war sehr peinlich für sie, es war ihr sehr unangenehm;
    he spoilt their holidays (bes US vacation) for them er verdarb ihnen den ganzen Urlaub;
    she brought a letter for me to sign sie brachte mir einen Brief zur Unterschrift
    2. für, zugunsten von:
    a gift for him ein Geschenk für ihn;
    this letter is for me dieser Brief ist an mich;
    for and against für und wider; → academic.ru/69264/speak_for">speak for 1
    3. für, (mit der Absicht) zu, um (… willen):
    apply for the post sich um die Stellung bewerben;
    die for a cause für eine Sache sterben;
    come for dinner zum Essen kommen
    4. (Wunsch, Ziel) nach, auf (akk):
    a claim for sth ein Anspruch auf eine Sache;
    the desire for sth der Wunsch oder das Verlangen nach etwas;
    call for sb nach jemandem rufen;
    wait for sth auf etwas warten;
    oh, for a car! ach, hätte ich doch nur ein Auto!
    b) (bestimmt) für oder zu:
    tools for cutting Werkzeuge zum Schneiden, Schneidewerkzeuge;
    the right man for the job der richtige Mann für diesen Posten
    6. (Mittel) gegen:
    treat sb for cancer jemanden gegen oder auf Krebs behandeln;
    there is nothing for it but to give in es bleibt nichts (anderes) übrig, als nachzugeben
    8. (als Entgelt) für, gegen, um:
    I sold it for £10 ich verkaufte es für 10 Pfund
    9. (im Tausch) für, gegen:
    10. (Betrag, Menge) über (akk):
    a postal order for £2
    11. (Grund) aus, vor (dat), wegen:
    for this reason aus diesem Grund;
    die for grief aus oder vor Gram sterben;
    weep for joy aus oder vor Freude weinen;
    I can’t see for the fog ich kann nichts sehen wegen des Nebels oder vor lauter Nebel;
    she couldn’t speak for laughing sie konnte vor (lauter) Lachen nicht sprechen
    12. (als Strafe etc) für, wegen:
    13. dank, wegen:
    were it not for his energy wenn er nicht so energisch wäre, dank seiner Energie;
    if it wasn’t for him wenn er nicht wäre, ohne ihn; he would never have done it, if it hadn’t been for me talking him into it wenn ich ihn nicht dazu überredet hätte
    14. für, in Anbetracht (gen), im Hinblick auf (akk), im Verhältnis zu:
    he is tall for his age er ist groß für sein Alter;
    it is rather cold for July es ist ziemlich kalt für Juli;
    for a foreigner he speaks English fairly well für einen Ausländer spricht er recht gut Englisch
    15. (Begabung, Neigung) für, (Hang) zu:
    an eye for beauty Sinn für das Schöne
    16. (zeitlich) für, während, auf (akk), für die Dauer von, seit:
    for a week eine Woche (lang);
    come for a week komme auf oder für eine Woche;
    for hours stundenlang;
    for a ( oder some) time past seit längerer Zeit;
    for a long time past schon seit Langem;
    not for a long time noch lange nicht;
    the first picture for two months der erste Film in oder seit zwei Monaten;
    for months ahead auf Monate (hinaus)
    17. (Strecke) weit, lang:
    run for a mile eine Meile (weit) laufen
    18. nach, auf (akk), in Richtung auf (akk):
    the train for London der Zug nach London;
    the passengers for Rome die nach Rom reisenden Passagiere;
    start for Paris nach Paris abreisen;
    now for it! Br umg jetzt (nichts wie) los oder drauf!, jetzt gilt’s!
    19. für, anstelle von (oder gen), (an)statt:
    20. für, in Vertretung oder im Auftrag oder im Namen von (oder gen):
    act for sb in jemandes Auftrag handeln
    21. für, als:
    books for presents Bücher als Geschenk;
    they were sold for slaves sie wurden als Sklaven verkauft;
    take that for an answer nimm das als Antwort
    22. trotz (gen oder dat), ungeachtet (gen):
    for all that trotz alledem;
    for all his wealth trotz seines ganzen Reichtums, bei allem Reichtum;
    for all you may say sage, was du willst
    23. as for was … betrifft:
    as for me was mich betrifft oder an(be)langt;
    as for that matter was das betrifft;
    for all I know soviel ich weiß;
    for all of me meinetwegen, von mir aus
    24. nach adj und vor inf:
    it is too heavy for me to lift es ist so schwer, dass ich es nicht heben kann;
    it is impossible for me to come es ist mir unmöglich zu kommen, ich kann unmöglich kommen;
    it seemed useless for me to continue es erschien mir sinnlos, noch weiterzumachen
    25. mit s oder pron und inf:
    it is time for you to go home es ist Zeit, dass du heimgehst; es ist Zeit für dich heimzugehen;
    it is for you to decide die Entscheidung liegt bei Ihnen;
    a) es ist nicht deine Sache zu inf,
    b) es steht dir nicht zu inf;
    he called for the girl to bring him some tea er rief nach dem Mädchen und bat es, ihm Tee zu bringen;
    don’t wait for him to turn up yet wartet nicht darauf, dass er noch auftaucht;
    there is no need for anyone to know es braucht niemand zu wissen
    that’s a wine for you das ist vielleicht ein Weinchen, das nenne ich einen Wein
    27. US nach:
    B konj denn, weil, nämlich
    * * *
    1. preposition
    1) (representing, on behalf of, in exchange against) für; (in place of) für; anstelle von

    what is the German for "buzz"? — wie heißt "buzz" auf Deutsch?

    2) (in defence, support, or favour of) für

    be for doing something — dafür sein, etwas zu tun

    it's each [man] or every man for himself — jeder ist auf sich selbst gestellt

    4) (with a view to) für; (conducive[ly] to) zu

    they invited me for Christmas/Monday/supper — sie haben mich zu Weihnachten/für Montag/zum Abendessen eingeladen

    what is it for? — wofür/wozu ist das?

    6) (to obtain, win, save)

    take somebody for a ride in the car/a walk — jemanden im Auto spazieren fahren/mit jemandem einen Spaziergang machen

    run/jump etc. for it — loslaufen/-springen usw.

    7) (to reach) nach

    set out for England/the north/an island — nach England/Norden/zu einer Insel aufbrechen

    be dressed/ready for dinner — zum Dinner angezogen/fertig sein

    have something for breakfast/pudding — etwas zum Frühstück/Nachtisch haben

    enough... for — genug... für

    too... for — zu... für

    there is nothing for it but to do something — es gibt keine andere Möglichkeit, als etwas zu tun

    cheque/ bill for £5 — Scheck/Rechnung über od. in Höhe von 5 Pfund

    11) (to affect, as if affecting) für

    things don't look very promising for the business — was die Geschäfte angeht, sieht das alles nicht sehr vielversprechend aus

    it is wise/advisable for somebody to do something — es ist vernünftig/ratsam, dass jemand etwas tut

    it's hopeless for me to try and explain the system — es ist sinnlos, dir das System erklären zu wollen

    12) (as being) für

    I/you etc. for one — ich/ du usw. für mein[en]/dein[en] usw. Teil

    13) (on account of, as penalty of) wegen

    famous/well-known for something — berühmt/ bekannt wegen od. für etwas

    jump/ shout for joy — vor Freude in die Luft springen/schreien

    were it not for you/ your help, I should not be able to do it — ohne dich/deine Hilfe wäre ich nicht dazu in der Lage

    for all... — trotz...

    for all that,... — trotzdem...

    for fear of... — aus Angst vor (+ Dat.)

    but for..., except for... — wenn nicht... gewesen wäre, [dann]...

    for all I know/care... — möglicherweise/was mich betrifft,...

    for one thing,... — zunächst einmal...

    19) (during) seit

    we've/we haven't been here for three years — wir sind seit drei Jahren hier/nicht mehr hier gewesen

    we waited for hours/three hours — wir warteten stundenlang/drei Stunden lang

    sit here for now or for the moment — bleiben Sie im Augenblick hier sitzen

    walk for 20 miles/for another 20 miles — 20 Meilen [weit] gehen/weiter gehen

    21)

    be for it — (coll.) dran sein (ugs.); sich auf was gefasst machen können (ugs.)

    2. conjunction
    (since, as proof) denn
    * * *
    conj.
    als konj.
    denn konj.
    für konj.
    nach konj.
    zu konj.

    English-german dictionary > for

  • 4 tratar

    v.
    1 to treat (comportarse con) (persona, objeto).
    ¿qué tal te trataron? how were you treated?
    El médico trata al paciente The doctor treats=cures the patient.
    2 to have dealings or contact with.
    la traté muy poco I didn't have much to do with her
    3 to treat (tema, asunto).
    eso lo tienes que tratar con el jefe that's something you'll have to discuss with the boss
    4 to treat.
    5 to treat (agua, sustancia, alimento).
    6 to process (computing) (datos, información).
    Ellos tratan el cuero They process the leather.
    7 to deal.
    Las empresas trataron The companies made a deal.
    8 to try, to make a trial, to attempt it, to attempt.
    Ella trató por mucho tiempo She tried for a long time.
    9 to handle, to maneuver, to manoeuvre.
    Ellos tratan sus pensamientos They handle their thoughts.
    * * *
    1 (gen - objeto) to treat, handle; (- persona) to treat
    2 (asunto, tema) to discuss, deal with
    3 (gestionar) to handle, run
    4 (dar tratamiento) to address as
    5 (calificar, considerar) to consider, call
    6 MEDICINA to treat
    7 (datos, texto) to process
    8 QUÍMICA to treat
    1 (relacionarse) to be acquainted ( con, with), know ( con, -)
    2 (tener tratos) to deal ( con, with)
    3 (negociar) to negotiate ( con, with)
    4 (intentar) to try (de, to)
    5 (versar) to be about
    ■ trata de/sobre espías it's about spies
    6 COMERCIO to deal (en, in)
    1 (relacionarse) to talk to each other, be on speaking terms
    2 (llamarse) to address each other as, call each other
    3 (referirse) to be about
    \
    se trata de... it's a question of..., it's a matter of...
    * * *
    verb
    •
    - tratar de
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ persona, animal, objeto] to treat

    hay que tratar a los animales con cariño — animals should be given plenty of affection, animals should be treated lovingly

    te dejo la cámara, pero trátala bien — I'll let you have the camera, but be careful with it o treat it carefully

    la vida la ha tratado muy bien — life has been very kind to her, life has treated her very well

    • tratar a algn de loco — to treat sb like a madman

    2) (=llamar)

    ¿cómo le tenemos que tratar cuando nos hable? — how should we address him when he speaks to us?

    • tratar a algn de algo — to call sb sth

    tratar a algn de tú/usted — to address sb as "tú"/"usted"

    3) (=relacionarse con)

    tratar a algn: ya no lo trato — I no longer have any dealings with him

    me cae bien, pero no la he tratado mucho — I like her, but I haven't had a lot to do with her

    4) (Med) [+ paciente, enfermedad] to treat

    ¿qué médico te está tratando? — which doctor is giving you treatment?

    5) [+ tejido, madera, residuos] to treat
    6) (=discutir) [+ tema] to deal with; [+ acuerdo, paz] to negotiate
    7) (Inform) to process
    2. VI
    1)

    • tratar de — [libro] to be about, deal with; [personas] to talk about, discuss

    2) (=intentar)

    • tratar de hacer algo — to try to do sth

    • tratar de que, trataré de que esta sea la última vez — I'll try to make sure that this is the last time

    3) (=relacionarse)

    • tratar con algn, trato con todo tipo de gente — I deal with all sorts of people

    4) (Com)

    • tratar con o en algo — to deal in sth

    trataban con o en pieles — they dealt in furs, they were involved in the fur trade

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( intentar) to try

    tratar de + inf — to try to + inf

    tratar de que + subj: trata de que queden a la misma altura try to get them level; trataré de que no vuelva a suceder — I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again

    2) obra/libro/película

    ¿de qué trata el libro? — what's the book about?

    3) (tener contacto, relaciones)
    4) (Com)
    2.
    tratar vt
    1)
    a) <persona/animal/instrumento> (+ compl) to treat
    b) ( llamar)

    tratar a alguien de usted/tú — to address somebody using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form

    3) <tema/asunto> to deal with
    4)
    a) <paciente/enfermedad> to treat
    b) <sustancia/metal> to treat
    3.
    tratarse v pron
    1)
    a)

    tratarse con alguien — ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with somebody; ( alternar) to socialize o mix with somebody

    b) (recípr)
    2) (+ compl)
    a) (recípr)

    se tratan de usted/tú — they address each other as `usted'/`tu'

    se tratan sin ningún respeto — they have o show no respect for each other

    b) (refl) ( cuidarse)

    tratarse bien/mal — to look after oneself well/not to look after oneself

    3) (Med) to have o undergo treatment
    4) tratarse de (en 3a pers)
    a) ( ser acerca de) to be about

    ¿de qué se trata? — what's it about?

    se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir — we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing

    si sólo se trata de eso... — if that's all it is...

    * * *
    = address, approach, consider (as), cover, discuss, focus on/upon, get to, go into, handle, manipulate, tackle, treat, turn to, broach, give + treatment, play with, speak to, treat, pick up on, meet.
    Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio met.
    Ex. The inclusion of vendors and publishers allows everyone to address sticky business relationships head-on.
    Ex. The searcher may be the end user, but the end user is approaching the search in some ignorance of his real requirements, or of the literature that might be available to meet those requirements.
    Ex. A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.
    Ex. The schedules are divided into two parts, one covering music scores and parts and the other concerned with music literature.
    Ex. This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.
    Ex. In a text such as this which focuses primarily upon controlled indexing languages and systems it is difficult to place natural language indexing in a appropriate context.
    Ex. 'I'll get to that, I promise! but right now I have a budget to work on!'.
    Ex. Although the description given here is quite lengthy, many points are glossed over, and the Manual goes into these and a number of others at length.
    Ex. An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.
    Ex. Different stores offer access to distinct types of information or data and permit the information to be manipulated to varying extents.
    Ex. Chapter 2 tackles books, pamphlets and printed sheets, and chapter 3 is dedicated to cartographic materials.
    Ex. In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.
    Ex. We shall turn to this distinction very shortly.
    Ex. Some of the consequences of this conclusion are broached in this article.
    Ex. Equally serious, authors are often too close to the paper to give it an objective treatment.
    Ex. In this five-day workshop we will play with the design and building of non-traditional interface solutions.
    Ex. Numerous articles in the library literature speak to this phenomenon but most deal with the experience of larger libraries.
    Ex. The author studies the factors which have impeded the spread of information on the use of thioctic acid to treat mushroom poisoning.
    Ex. The report picks up on this as a surprising finding, suggesting implicitly that open access journals are lagging behind in this regard.
    Ex. There may be a threat of over-capacity; if so, this could be met by diversification, an enlargement of the SLIS role.
    ----
    * aguas residuales sin tratar = raw sewage, raw waste water.
    * atreverse a tratar = dare to + tread.
    * como si (se tratase de) = as if.
    * continuar tratando = pursue + Nombre + further.
    * cuando se trata de + Infinitivo = when it comes to + Gerundio.
    * de qué se trata = what it's all about.
    * difícil de tratar = unruly.
    * empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.
    * manera de tratar = avenue of approach.
    * no atraverse a tratar = fear to + tread.
    * ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.
    * que trata de = surrounding.
    * seguir tratando = discuss + further.
    * sin tratar = untreated.
    * temer tratar = fear to + tread.
    * tratar Algo = get down to + Nombre, be under consideration.
    * tratar algo en detalle = go into + Algo + at length.
    * tratar Algo en profundidad = go into + Algo + at length.
    * tratar Algo imparcialmente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.
    * tratar Algo justamente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.
    * tratar Algo sin parcialismo = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.
    * tratar Algo sin rodeos = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.
    * tratar Algo supercialmente = dabble in.
    * tratar como un objeto = objectify.
    * tratar como un personaje = lionise [lionize, -USA].
    * tratar (con) = negotiate (with).
    * tratar con bondad = kill + Nombre + with kindness, smother + Nombre + with kindness.
    * tratar con cloro = chlorinate.
    * tratar con condescendencia = patronise [patronize, -USA], condescend.
    * tratar con más detalle = discuss + in greater detail.
    * tratar con precaución = approach + with caution.
    * tratar con prudencia = treat with + caution, view with + caution.
    * tratar con respeto = treat with + respect.
    * tratar de = be about, be concerned with, deal with, take up, bear on, deal in.
    * tratar de abarcar más de lo que se puede = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.
    * tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.
    * tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.
    * tratar de ligar = chat up.
    * tratar de no llamar la atención = keep + a low profile, lie + low.
    * tratar de pasar desapercibido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.
    * tratar de pasar inadvertido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.
    * tratar detalladamente = cover + in detail.
    * tratar de un modo sentimental = sentimentalise [sentimentalize, -USA].
    * tratar de un modo urgente = fast track.
    * tratar en detalle = treat + at length, discuss + at length.
    * tratar en profundidad = treat + in detail.
    * tratar específicamente = target.
    * tratar información = handle + information.
    * tratar injustamente = malign.
    * tratar justamente = treat + fairly.
    * tratar la cuestión de = get to + the issue of.
    * tratar la posibilidad de = discuss + the possibility of.
    * tratar ligeramente = skim + the surface of, touch on/upon.
    * tratar magníficamente = do + more than justice.
    * tratar mal = maltreat, manhandle.
    * tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.
    * tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.
    * tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.
    * tratarse de = come down to, be a question of.
    * tratar severamente = mete out + harsh treatment.
    * tratar síntomas = treat + symptoms.
    * tratar superficialmente = gloss over, scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.
    * tratar una cuestión = address + constraint, address + issue, address + question, consider + issue, tackle + issue, address + concern, deal with + issue, broach + issue, broach + question, grapple with + issue.
    * tratar una cuestión ligeramente = touch on/upon + issue.
    * tratar un asunto = deal with + issue.
    * tratar un problema = address + problem, deal with + problem, handle + problem, tackle + problem, address + limitation, grapple with + problem, treat + problem, address + concern.
    * tratar un problema de pasada = touch on/upon + problem.
    * tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.
    * tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.
    * tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.
    * volver a tratar = revisit.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( intentar) to try

    tratar de + inf — to try to + inf

    tratar de que + subj: trata de que queden a la misma altura try to get them level; trataré de que no vuelva a suceder — I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again

    2) obra/libro/película

    ¿de qué trata el libro? — what's the book about?

    3) (tener contacto, relaciones)
    4) (Com)
    2.
    tratar vt
    1)
    a) <persona/animal/instrumento> (+ compl) to treat
    b) ( llamar)

    tratar a alguien de usted/tú — to address somebody using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form

    3) <tema/asunto> to deal with
    4)
    a) <paciente/enfermedad> to treat
    b) <sustancia/metal> to treat
    3.
    tratarse v pron
    1)
    a)

    tratarse con alguien — ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with somebody; ( alternar) to socialize o mix with somebody

    b) (recípr)
    2) (+ compl)
    a) (recípr)

    se tratan de usted/tú — they address each other as `usted'/`tu'

    se tratan sin ningún respeto — they have o show no respect for each other

    b) (refl) ( cuidarse)

    tratarse bien/mal — to look after oneself well/not to look after oneself

    3) (Med) to have o undergo treatment
    4) tratarse de (en 3a pers)
    a) ( ser acerca de) to be about

    ¿de qué se trata? — what's it about?

    se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir — we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing

    si sólo se trata de eso... — if that's all it is...

    * * *
    tratar (con)

    Ex: Their purposes was to settle the disputes between the members, to negotiate with master, to accumulate and disburse a benevolent fund, and to exact contributions for drinks and parties.

    = address, approach, consider (as), cover, discuss, focus on/upon, get to, go into, handle, manipulate, tackle, treat, turn to, broach, give + treatment, play with, speak to, treat, pick up on, meet.
    Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio met.

    Ex: The inclusion of vendors and publishers allows everyone to address sticky business relationships head-on.

    Ex: The searcher may be the end user, but the end user is approaching the search in some ignorance of his real requirements, or of the literature that might be available to meet those requirements.
    Ex: A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.
    Ex: The schedules are divided into two parts, one covering music scores and parts and the other concerned with music literature.
    Ex: This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.
    Ex: In a text such as this which focuses primarily upon controlled indexing languages and systems it is difficult to place natural language indexing in a appropriate context.
    Ex: 'I'll get to that, I promise! but right now I have a budget to work on!'.
    Ex: Although the description given here is quite lengthy, many points are glossed over, and the Manual goes into these and a number of others at length.
    Ex: An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.
    Ex: Different stores offer access to distinct types of information or data and permit the information to be manipulated to varying extents.
    Ex: Chapter 2 tackles books, pamphlets and printed sheets, and chapter 3 is dedicated to cartographic materials.
    Ex: In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.
    Ex: We shall turn to this distinction very shortly.
    Ex: Some of the consequences of this conclusion are broached in this article.
    Ex: Equally serious, authors are often too close to the paper to give it an objective treatment.
    Ex: In this five-day workshop we will play with the design and building of non-traditional interface solutions.
    Ex: Numerous articles in the library literature speak to this phenomenon but most deal with the experience of larger libraries.
    Ex: The author studies the factors which have impeded the spread of information on the use of thioctic acid to treat mushroom poisoning.
    Ex: The report picks up on this as a surprising finding, suggesting implicitly that open access journals are lagging behind in this regard.
    Ex: There may be a threat of over-capacity; if so, this could be met by diversification, an enlargement of the SLIS role.
    * aguas residuales sin tratar = raw sewage, raw waste water.
    * atreverse a tratar = dare to + tread.
    * como si (se tratase de) = as if.
    * continuar tratando = pursue + Nombre + further.
    * cuando se trata de + Infinitivo = when it comes to + Gerundio.
    * de qué se trata = what it's all about.
    * difícil de tratar = unruly.
    * empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.
    * manera de tratar = avenue of approach.
    * no atraverse a tratar = fear to + tread.
    * ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.
    * que trata de = surrounding.
    * seguir tratando = discuss + further.
    * sin tratar = untreated.
    * temer tratar = fear to + tread.
    * tratar Algo = get down to + Nombre, be under consideration.
    * tratar algo en detalle = go into + Algo + at length.
    * tratar Algo en profundidad = go into + Algo + at length.
    * tratar Algo imparcialmente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.
    * tratar Algo justamente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.
    * tratar Algo sin parcialismo = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.
    * tratar Algo sin rodeos = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.
    * tratar Algo supercialmente = dabble in.
    * tratar como un objeto = objectify.
    * tratar como un personaje = lionise [lionize, -USA].
    * tratar (con) = negotiate (with).
    * tratar con bondad = kill + Nombre + with kindness, smother + Nombre + with kindness.
    * tratar con cloro = chlorinate.
    * tratar con condescendencia = patronise [patronize, -USA], condescend.
    * tratar con más detalle = discuss + in greater detail.
    * tratar con precaución = approach + with caution.
    * tratar con prudencia = treat with + caution, view with + caution.
    * tratar con respeto = treat with + respect.
    * tratar de = be about, be concerned with, deal with, take up, bear on, deal in.
    * tratar de abarcar más de lo que se puede = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.
    * tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.
    * tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.
    * tratar de ligar = chat up.
    * tratar de no llamar la atención = keep + a low profile, lie + low.
    * tratar de pasar desapercibido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.
    * tratar de pasar inadvertido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.
    * tratar detalladamente = cover + in detail.
    * tratar de un modo sentimental = sentimentalise [sentimentalize, -USA].
    * tratar de un modo urgente = fast track.
    * tratar en detalle = treat + at length, discuss + at length.
    * tratar en profundidad = treat + in detail.
    * tratar específicamente = target.
    * tratar información = handle + information.
    * tratar injustamente = malign.
    * tratar justamente = treat + fairly.
    * tratar la cuestión de = get to + the issue of.
    * tratar la posibilidad de = discuss + the possibility of.
    * tratar ligeramente = skim + the surface of, touch on/upon.
    * tratar magníficamente = do + more than justice.
    * tratar mal = maltreat, manhandle.
    * tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.
    * tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.
    * tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.
    * tratarse de = come down to, be a question of.
    * tratar severamente = mete out + harsh treatment.
    * tratar síntomas = treat + symptoms.
    * tratar superficialmente = gloss over, scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.
    * tratar una cuestión = address + constraint, address + issue, address + question, consider + issue, tackle + issue, address + concern, deal with + issue, broach + issue, broach + question, grapple with + issue.
    * tratar una cuestión ligeramente = touch on/upon + issue.
    * tratar un asunto = deal with + issue.
    * tratar un problema = address + problem, deal with + problem, handle + problem, tackle + problem, address + limitation, grapple with + problem, treat + problem, address + concern.
    * tratar un problema de pasada = touch on/upon + problem.
    * tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.
    * tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.
    * tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.
    * volver a tratar = revisit.

    * * *
    tratar [A1 ]
    vi
    A (intentar) to try tratar DE + INF to try to + INF
    trate de comprender try to o ( colloq) try and understand
    traten de no llegar tarde try not to be late
    tratar DE QUE + SUBJ:
    trata de que queden a la misma altura try to o ( colloq) try and get them level
    trataré de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
    B
    «obra/libro/película»: tratar DEor SOBRE algo: ¿de qué trata el libro? what's the book about?
    la conferencia tratará sobre medicina alternativa the lecture will deal with o will be on the subject of alternative medicine, the theme of the lecture will be alternative medicine
    C (tener contacto, relaciones) tratar CON algn to deal WITH sb
    en mi trabajo trato con gente de todo tipo in my job I deal with o come into contact with all kinds of people
    tratar con él no es nada fácil he's not at all easy to get on with
    prefiero tratar directamente con el fabricante I prefer to deal directly with the manufacturer
    D ( Com) tratar EN algo to deal IN sth
    tratar en joyas/antigüedades to deal in jewels/antiques
    los mercaderes que trataban en esclavos/pieles the merchants who dealt o traded in slaves/furs
    ■ tratar
    vt
    A
    1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› (+ compl) to treat
    me tratan muy bien/como si fuera de la familia they treat me very well/as if I were one of the family
    trata la guitarra con más cuidado be more careful with the guitar
    ¿me estás tratando de mentiroso? are you calling me a liar?
    a mi suegro nunca lo he tratado de usted I've never called my father-in-law `usted'
    B ‹persona›
    (frecuentar): lo trataba cuando era joven I saw quite a lot of him when I was young
    nunca lo he tratado I have never had any contact with him o any dealings with him
    C ‹tema/asunto›
    vamos a tratar primero los puntos de mayor urgencia let's deal with o discuss the more pressing issues first
    no sé cómo tratar esta cuestión I don't know how to deal with o handle this matter
    el libro trata la Revolución Francesa desde una óptica inusual the book looks at the French Revolution from an unusual angle
    esto no se puede tratar delante de los niños we can't discuss this in front of the children
    D
    1 ‹paciente/enfermedad› to treat
    2 ‹sustancia/metal/madera› to treat
    cultivos tratados con insectidas crops treated with insecticides
    A (relacionarse, tener contacto)
    1 tratarse CON algn:
    no me gusta la gente con la que se trata I don't like the people he mixes with
    se trata con gente de la alta sociedad she socializes o mixes with people from high society, she moves in high circles
    ¿tú te tratas con los Rucabado? are you friendly with the Rucabados?
    2 ( recípr):
    somos parientes pero no nos tratamos we're related but we never see each other o we never have anything to do with each other
    B (+ compl)
    1 ( recípr):
    se tratan de usted/tú they address each other as `usted'/`tú'
    se tratan sin ningún respeto they have o show no respect for each other
    2 ( refl) to treat oneself
    ¡qué mal te tratas, eh! ( iró); you don't treat yourself badly, do you?, you know how to look after yourself, don't you?
    C ( Med) (seguir un tratamiento) to have o undergo treatment
    1 (ser acerca de) to be about
    ¿de qué se trata? what's it about?, what does it concern? ( frml)
    se trata de Roy it's about Roy
    2
    (ser cuestión de): se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing
    si sólo se trata de eso, hazlo pasar ahora if that's all it is o if that's all he wants, show him in now
    bueno, si se trata de echarle un vistazo nada más … OK, if it's just a question of having a quick look at it …
    3
    (ser): se trata de la estrella del equipo we're talking about o he is the star of the team
    tratándose de usted, no creo que haya inconvenientes since it's for you o in your case I don't think there will be any problems
    * * *

     

    tratar ( conjugate tratar) verbo intransitivo
    1 ( intentar) to try;

    trataré de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
    2 [obra/libro/película] tratar de algo to be about sth;
    tratar sobre algo to deal with sth;

    3 (tener contacto, relaciones) tratar con algn to deal with sb;

    verbo transitivo
    1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› to treat;

    2 ( frecuentar):

    3 ‹tema/asunto› to discuss, to deal with
    4
    a) (Med) to treat

    b) ‹sustancia/metal› to treat

    tratarse verbo pronominal
    1 tratarse con algn ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with sb;
    ( alternar) to socialize o mix with sb;

    2 (+ compl) ( recípr):

    3 (Med) to have o undergo treatment
    4
    ◊ tratarse de (en 3a pers)


    ◊ ¿de qué se trata? what's it about?


    ◊ se trata de participar, no de ganar it's a question of taking part, not of winning;

    solo porque se trata de ti just because it's you
    tratar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 (portarse) to treat
    2 (cuidar) to look after, care: trátame el libro bien, look after my book
    3 (dirigirse a una persona) address: nos tratamos de tú, we call each other "tú" o we're on first name terms
    4 (considerar, llamar) me trató de tonto, he called me stupid
    5 (someter a un proceso) to treat
    6 (someter a tratamiento médico) to treat: le tienen que tratar la artritis, they have to treat his arthritis
    7 (tener relación social) la he tratado muy poco, I don't know her very well
    8 (considerar, discutir) to deal with: no hemos tratado la cuestión, we haven't discussed that subject
    II verbo intransitivo 1 tratar de, (un libro, una película) to be about: ¿de qué trata?, what is it about?
    2 (intentar) to try [de, to]
    3 Com tratar en, to trade in o with 4 tratar con, (negociar) to negotiate with
    ' tratar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    censurar
    - defraudar
    - delicada
    - delicado
    - drogodependencia
    - ir
    - girar
    - hablar
    - mimar
    - negociar
    - tú
    - confianza
    - curar
    - debido
    - huir
    - manera
    - miramiento
    - piel
    - punto
    - tocar
    - trato
    - usted
    English:
    about
    - address
    - associate
    - bid
    - clutch
    - deal with
    - discuss
    - form
    - grapple
    - ground
    - handle
    - light
    - lionise
    - mistreat
    - muck about
    - muck around
    - patronize
    - peer
    - push through
    - rubberize
    - specific
    - squarely
    - tactfully
    - tout
    - treat
    - try
    - try on
    - victimize
    - attempt
    - bite
    - contact
    - could
    - cover
    - deal
    - favor
    - grasp
    - process
    - profile
    - raw
    - seek
    - snub
    - tackle
    - take
    - thrash
    - untreated
    - way
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [portarse con, manejar] to treat;
    ¿qué tal te trataron? how were you treated?;
    no la trates tan mal don't be so nasty to her;
    la vida no la ha tratado bien life has not been kind to her;
    te dejo los discos, pero trátamelos bien I'll let you borrow the records, but look after them o be careful with them for me
    2. [paciente, enfermedad, herida] to treat;
    la están tratando de cáncer, le están tratando un cáncer she's being treated for cancer;
    el médico que la trata the doctor who is treating her
    3. [tener relación con] to have dealings o contact with;
    era compañera de clase pero la traté muy poco she was in my class, but I didn't have much to do with her
    4. [llamar, dirigirse a]
    tratar a alguien de usted/tú = to address sb using the “usted” form/the “tú” form;
    no hace falta que me trates de señor there's no need to call me “sir”;
    tratar a alguien de tonto to call sb an idiot
    5. [tema, asunto] to treat;
    el tema que trata la obra the subject of the book;
    hay que tratar ese asunto con cuidado this matter needs to be dealt with carefully;
    eso lo tienes que tratar con el jefe that's something you'll have to discuss with the boss
    6. [agua, sustancia, tejido, alimento] to treat
    7. Informát [datos, información] to process
    8. Bol [insultar] to insult, to swear at
    ♦ vi
    1. [intentar]
    tratar de hacer algo to try to do sth;
    trata de comprenderlo, por favor please try to understand;
    trataré de no equivocarme I'll try not to get it wrong;
    sólo trataba de que estuvieras más cómodo I was only trying to make you more comfortable
    2. [versar]
    tratar de o [m5] sobre to be about;
    ¿de qué trata el documental? what's the documentary about o on?;
    la ponencia trata sobre contaminación acústica the paper is about o on noise pollution
    3. [tener relación]
    tratar con alguien to have dealings with sb;
    en mi trabajo tengo que tratar con todo tipo de gente I have to deal with all sorts of people in my job;
    trata con gente muy rara she mixes with some very strange people;
    RP
    tratar a alguien con pinzas to handle sb with kid gloves
    4. [comerciar] to deal (en in)
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 treat
    2 ( manejar) handle
    3 ( dirigirse a) address (de as);
    tratar a alguien de tú address s.o. informally, use the tú form with s.o.;
    tratar a alguien de usted address s.o. formally, use the usted form with s.o.
    4 gente come into contact with
    5 tema deal with
    II v/i:
    1
    :
    tratar con alguien deal with s.o.
    2
    :
    tratar de ( intentar) try to
    3 COM
    :
    tratar en deal in
    * * *
    tratar vi
    1)
    tratar con : to deal with, to have contact with
    no trato mucho con los clientes: I don't have much contact with customers
    2)
    tratar de : to try to
    estoy tratando de comer: I am trying to eat
    3)
    tratar sobre : to be about, to concern
    el libro trata de las plantas: the book is about plants
    4)
    tratar en : to deal in
    trata en herramientas: he deals in tools
    tratar vt
    1) : to treat
    tratan bien a sus empleados: they treat their employees well
    2) : to handle
    trató el tema con delicadeza: he handled the subject tactfully
    * * *
    tratar vb
    1. (en general) to treat
    2. (ocuparse, tener relación) to deal with [pt. & pp. dealt]
    3. (hablar) to discuss
    4. (referirse) to be about

    Spanish-English dictionary > tratar

  • 5 bringen

    to take home; to bring; to carry; to fetch; to take
    * * *
    brịn|gen
    * * *
    1) (to cause to be in a certain condition etc: You'll get me into trouble.) get
    2) (to make (something or someone) come (to or towards a place): I'll bring plenty of food with me; Bring him to me!) bring
    3) (to result in: This medicine will bring you relief.) bring
    4) (to keep (something): They'll hold your luggage at the station until you collect it.) hold
    * * *
    brin·gen
    < brachte, gebracht>
    [ˈbrɪŋən]
    vt
    1. (tragen)
    ▪ etw \bringen to bring sth; (hinbringen a.) to take sth
    den Müll nach draußen \bringen to take/bring out sep the rubbish BRIT [or garbage]
    etw in Stellung \bringen to position sth
    ▪ [jdm] etw \bringen to bring [sb] sth, to bring sth [to sb]; (hinbringen a.) to take [sb] sth, to take sth [to sb]
    ▪ jdm etw \bringen to bring sb sth
    sich dat etw \bringen lassen to have sth brought to one
    etw auf den Markt \bringen to market sth; Neues a. to launch sth
    ▪ jdn irgendwohin \bringen to take [or see] [or accompany] sb somewhere; (herbringen a.) to bring sb somewhere
    ▪ jdn/etw irgendwohin \bringen to take sb/sth somewhere; (herbringen a.) to bring sb/sth somewhere
    das Auto in die Garage \bringen to put the car in the garage
    jdn zum Bahnhof/nach Hause/in die Klinik \bringen to take sb to the station/home/to the clinic
    die Kinder ins [o zu] Bett \bringen to put the children to bed
    7. (lenken)
    die Diskussion/das Gespräch auf jdn/etw \bringen to bring the discussion/conversation round [or around] to sb/sth
    das Gespräch auf ein anderes Thema \bringen to change the topic of conversation
    etw auf eine Umlaufbahn \bringen to put sth into orbit
    jdn auf den rechten Weg \bringen to get sb on the straight and narrow
    ▪ [jdm] etw \bringen:
    so ein großer Rasen kann einem schon eine Menge Arbeit \bringen such a large lawn can mean a lot of work for one
    der letzte Frühling brachte uns viel Regen last spring saw a lot of rain, there was [or we had] a lot of rain last spring
    [jdm] Ärger \bringen to cause [sb] [or to give sb] trouble
    [jdm] Glück/Unglück \bringen to bring [sb] [good]/bad luck
    [jdm] Nachteile \bringen to be disadvantageous [to sb], to have its drawbacks [for sb]
    Stimmung in etw akk \bringen to liven up sth sep
    jdm Trost \bringen to comfort [or console] sb
    [jdm] Vorteile \bringen to be to sb's advantage, to have its advantages [for sb]
    ▪ jdm eine Nachricht \bringen to bring sb news
    es zu hohem Ansehen \bringen to earn high esteem
    es zu etwas/nichts \bringen to get somewhere/nowhere [or not get anywhere]
    es auf einem Gebiet/im Leben zu etwas/nichts \bringen to get somewhere/nowhere [or not get anywhere] in a field/in life
    es zu nichts weiter als zu etw dat \bringen to not get further than sth
    es zum Firmenleiter/Millionär \bringen to become [or make it to] company director/to become a millionaire
    es zum Präsidenten \bringen to become [or make] president
    es weit \bringen to get far
    11. (fam: erreichen)
    der Motor brachte es auf 500.000 km the engine kept going for 500,000 km
    er brachte es in der Prüfung auf 70 Punkte he got 70 points in the exam
    der Wagen bringt es auf 290 km/h this car can do 290 kph
    es auf ein gutes Alter \bringen to reach a ripe old age
    12. (versetzen)
    diese Niederlage bringt uns wieder dahin, wo wir angefangen haben this defeat will take us back to where we started
    das bring ich vor das Gremium! I'll take that to the board!
    das bringt dich noch in Teufels Küche! you'll get into [or be in] a hell of a mess if you do that! fam
    jdn außer sich akk \bringen to exasperate sb
    jdn in Bedrängnis \bringen to get sb into trouble
    jdn aus der Fassung \bringen to bewilder sb
    sich/jdn in Gefahr \bringen to endanger oneself/sb, to expose oneself/sb to danger
    jdn ins Gefängnis \bringen to put [or fam land] sb in prison
    jdn/etw vor Gericht \bringen to take sb/sth to court
    jdn/etw unter seine Gewalt \bringen to gain power over sb/to get sth under one's control
    jdn ins Grab \bringen to be the death of sb usu hum
    jdn zum Nervenzusammenbruch \bringen to give sb a nervous breakdown
    sich akk [nicht] aus der Ruhe \bringen lassen to [not] get worked [or fam het] up
    jdn in Schwierigkeiten \bringen to put [or get] sb into a difficult position
    jdn zur Verzweiflung \bringen to make sb desperate, to drive sb to despair
    jdn zur Wut \bringen to make sb furious, to enrage sb
    ▪ etw an sich akk \bringen (fam) to get sth; (stehlen) to collar sth fam
    ▪ etw hinter sich akk \bringen (fam) to get sth over and done with
    ▪ etw mit sich dat \bringen to cause sth; (zwangsläufig a.) to involve [or entail] sth
    ▪ etw bringt es mit sich dat, dass jd etw tut sth causes sb to do sth
    das bringt es mit sich, dass... that means that...
    ihre Krankheit bringt es mit sich, dass... it's because of [or to do with] her illness that...
    ▪ jd bringt es nicht über sich akk, etw zu tun sb cannot bring himself to do sth
    13. (anregen)
    etw zum Brennen/Laufen \bringen to get sth to burn/work
    jdn dahin [o dazu] [o so weit] \bringen, etw zu tun [o dass jd etw tut] to make sb do sth
    mit seinen ständigen Mäkeleien bringt er mich noch dahin, dass ich kündige his incessant carping will make me hand in my notice [one day]
    du bringst ihn nie dazu mitzukommen you'll never get him to come along
    jdn auf eine Idee \bringen to give sb an idea
    jdn zum Laufen/Singen/Sprechen \bringen to make sb run/sing/talk
    jdn zum Schweigen \bringen to silence sb
    etw zum Stehen \bringen to bring sth to a stop
    14. (rauben)
    ▪ jdn um etw akk \bringen to rob sb of sth; (durch eigene Schuld) to cost sb sth
    jdn um seinen guten Ruf/seine Stellung \bringen Folgen to cost sb his reputation/job
    jdn um den Schlaf \bringen to keep sb awake; (länger a.) to cause sb sleepless nights
    jdn um den Verstand \bringen to drive sb mad
    15. (fam: veröffentlichen)
    ▪ etw \bringen to print [or publish] sth
    was bringt die Zeitung darüber? what does it say in the paper?
    die Zeitung brachte nichts/einen Artikel darüber there was nothing/an article in the paper about it
    alle Zeitungen brachten es auf der ersten Seite all the papers had it on the front page
    eine Serie \bringen to run a series
    16. (fam: senden)
    ▪ etw \bringen to broadcast sth; TV to show [or broadcast] sth
    das Fernsehen bringt nichts darüber there's nothing on television about it
    um elf Uhr \bringen wir Nachrichten the news will be at eleven o'clock
    17. (fam: darstellen)
    ▪ jdn \bringen to act [or play the part of] sb
    18. (fam: vorführen)
    ▪ etw \bringen Kino, Nachtlokal to show sth; Artist, Tänzerin, Sportler to perform sth; Sänger to sing sth
    ▪ jdm etw \bringen to offer sb sth [or sth to sb]
    jdm ein Ständchen \bringen to serenade sb; s.a. Opfer
    ▪ [jdm] etw \bringen to bring in sth sep [for sb]
    das bringt nicht viel Geld that won't bring [us] in much money
    die Antiquität brachte 100.000 Euro the antique fetched [or was sold for] €100,000
    einen Gewinn \bringen to make a profit
    das bringt nichts! (fam) it's not worth it
    Zinsen \bringen to earn interest
    21. (sl: können)
    sie/es bringts she's/it's got what it takes
    meinst du, ich bring's? do you think I can do it?
    das bringt sie gut she's good at it
    das bringt er nicht he's not up to it
    na, bringt dein Mann es noch [im Bett]? well, can your husband keep it up [in bed]? fam
    der Wagen bringt 290 km/h this car can do 290 kph
    der Motor bringts nicht mehr! the engine's had it [or done for] fam
    die alte Kiste wird es noch für 'ne Weile \bringen there's still some life left in the old crate fam
    dieses Werkzeug bringts doch nicht these tools are no good
    wer hier zu wenig bringt, fliegt! if you're not up to form, you're out!
    was bringt der Wagen denn so an PS? what's the top HP of this car?
    eine Leistung \bringen to do a good job
    das bringt nichts (zwecklos) it's pointless, there's no point; (nutzlos) it's useless, that's no use
    das bringts nicht that's useless [or no use
    22. (fam: bewegen)
    ▪ etw irgendwohin \bringen to get sth somewhere
    alleine bringe ich die schwere Vase nicht von der Stelle I can't move [or shift] this heavy vase alone
    23. (fam: machen)
    ich bring ihn nicht satt! I can't give him enough to eat!
    ich bring das Hemd nicht sauber I can't get the shirt clean
    bringst du das Radio wieder in Ordnung? can you get the radio to work?
    24.
    ▶ einen Hammer \bringen (fam) to drop a bombshell
    ▶ einen Klops \bringen NORDD to put one's foot in it [or one's mouth] fam
    ▶ das kannst du doch nicht \bringen! you can't [go and] do that!
    * * *
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) (herbringen) bring; (hinbringen) take

    sie brachte mir/ich brachte ihr ein Geschenk — she brought me/I took her a present

    Unglück/Unheil [über jemanden] bringen — bring misfortune/disaster [upon somebody]

    jemandem Glück/Unglück bringen — bring somebody [good] luck/bad luck

    2) (begleiten) take

    jemanden nach Hause/zum Bahnhof bringen — take somebody home/to the station

    die Kinder ins Bett od. zu Bett bringen — put the children to bed

    3)

    es zu etwas/nichts bringen — get somewhere/get nowhere or not get anywhere

    es weit bringen — get on or do very well

    es im Leben weit bringen — go far in life

    4)

    jemanden ins Gefängnis bringen — <crime, misdeed> land somebody in prison or gaol

    das Gespräch auf etwas/ein anderes Thema bringen — bring the conversation round to something/change the topic of conversation

    jemanden wieder auf den rechten Weg bringen — (fig.) get somebody back on the straight and narrow

    jemanden zum Lachen/zur Verzweiflung bringen — make somebody laugh/drive somebody to despair

    jemanden dazu bringen, etwas zu tun — get somebody to do something

    etwas hinter sich bringen — (ugs.) get something over and done with

    es nicht über sich (Akk.) bringen [können], etwas zu tun — not be able to bring oneself to do something

    etwas an sich (Akk.) bringen — (ugs.) collar something (sl.)

    5)

    jemanden um den Schlaf/Verstand bringen — rob somebody of his/her sleep/drive somebody mad

    6) (veröffentlichen) publish

    alle Zeitungen brachten Berichte über das Massaker — all the papers carried reports of the massacre

    7) (senden) broadcast

    das/ein Opfer bringen — make the/a sacrifice

    eine Nummer/ein Ständchen bringen — perform a number/a serenade

    das kannst du nicht bringen — (ugs.) you can't do that

    einen großen Gewinn/hohe Zinsen bringen — make a large profit/earn high interest

    das Gemälde brachte 50 000 Euro — the painting fetched 50,000 euros

    das bringt nichts od. bringt's nicht — (ugs.) it's pointless

    10)

    das bringt es mit sich, dass... — that means that...

    11) (verursachen) cause <trouble, confusion>
    13) (bes. südd.) s. bekommen 1. 2)
    * * *
    bringen; bringt, brachte, hat gebracht; v/t
    1. an diesen Ort (auch fig): bring; (holen) auch get, fetch;
    bring doch mal das Salz aus der Küche would you fetch the salt from the kitchen?;
    was bringt dich hierher? what brings you here?;
    die Wolken bringen Regen these clouds bring ( oder mean) rain;
    was wird uns morgen bringen? what will tomorrow hold in store (for us)?;
    an den Tag bringen fig bring sth to the light of day ( oder out into the open);
    mit sich bringen involve; (erfordern) require;
    die Umstände bringen es mit sich it’s inevitable under the circumstances;
    das bringt das Leben so mit sich life is like that, that’s life, that’s the way the cookie crumbles umg
    2. an einen anderen Ort (auch fig): take; (tragen) auch carry; (setzen, legen, stellen) put; (begleiten) take, see:
    jemanden zur Bahn/nach Hause bringen take ( oder see) sb to the station/home;
    bring es ins Haus take ( oder put) it inside;
    er wurde ins Krankenhaus gebracht he was taken to (US to the) hospital;
    ich brachte ihm Pralinen I took him some chocolates;
    zu Bett bringen put the children to bed;
    jemanden vor Gericht bringen take sb to court, bring sb up before the court;
    das bringt mich in eine peinliche Lage that puts me into an embarrassing situation;
    in den Handel bringen bring ( oder introduce) sth onto the market;
    etwas in Umlauf bringen introduce sth into circulation
    3. (verursachen, zur Folge haben) cause; (verschaffen) bring;
    Glück/Unglück bringen bring good/bad luck;
    das bringt nur Ärger that’ll cause nothing but trouble;
    brachte ihm keine Linderung brought ( oder gave) him no relief
    4. (einbringen) (Gewinn etc) bring in;
    Zinsen bringen bear ( oder yield) interest;
    die Bücher haben auf dem Flohmarkt noch 20 Euro gebracht umg the books fetched 20 euros at the flea market, I got 20 euros for the books at the flea market;
    das bringt nichts umg that won’t get you etc anywhere, that’s no use;
    es bringt nicht viel, wenn man … one does not get much mileage out of … (+ger)
    was bringt das? umg what’s the point
    5. (schaffen) do; (erreichen) manage;
    welche Leistung bringt der Motor? what can the engine do?;
    bringt er, was er verspricht? does he keep his promises?;
    es (bis) auf achtzig Jahre bringen live to be eighty;
    er brachte es auf acht Punkte in Prüfung etc, auch Sport: he managed eight points;
    es zu etwas/nichts bringen go far/get nowhere;
    bringen make it to major etc;
    bringen achieve fame and fortune;
    er könnte es noch weit bringen he could go far yet;
    es dahin bringen, dass manage to (+inf)
    jemanden dahin bringen, dass bring sb to (+inf), make sb (+inf) warnend:
    du wirst es noch so weit bringen, dass … umg you’d better watch your step or …; → zuwege
    6. meist mit präpositionalen obj (etwas, einen Zustand, eine Handlung bewirken)
    jemanden in Gefahr/Not/Rage/Schwierigkeiten etc
    bringen get sb into danger/trouble/a rage/difficulties;
    sie bringt sich ständig in Schwierigkeiten she keeps getting herself into difficulties ( oder awkward situations);
    ins Lot bringen sort sth out;
    in Einklang/Kontakt/Zusammenhang etc
    bringen mit harmonize/bring into contact/bring into connection etc with;
    jemanden zur Verzweiflung bringen drive sb to despair;
    jemanden zum Lachen/Reden/Schweigen etc
    bringen make sb laugh/talk/be quiet ( oder shut up umg);
    etwas zum Einsturz/zum Explodieren bringen make sth collapse/explode;
    sie brachte den Wagen zum Stehen she stopped the car ( oder pulled up);
    sie brachte Abwechslung/Leben/Unruhe etc
    in mein Leben she brought variety to my life/she gave my life a breath of fresh air/she brought chaos into my life;
    wir müssen endlich System in die Sache bringen we have to give it some kind of system
    7. (Programm, Film etc) auch show; THEAT bring, stage; MUS perform, play, (Lied) sing; Zeitung etc: bring;
    was bringt das 1. Programm heute Abend? what’s on channel one this evening?;
    die letzte Ausgabe brachte … the last issue had …;
    haben sie schon etwas über das Unglück gebracht? have they already reported on the accident?
    8. umg, meist jugendspr (schaffen)
    das bring ich nicht! I (just) can’t do it;
    ich weiß nicht, ob ich das bringe I’m not sure I can manage it;
    es bringen umg make it; (zuwege bringen) pull it off;
    das kannst du doch nicht bringen! you can’t possibly do that!, that’s not on!;
    du glaubst nicht, was sie heute wieder gebracht hat! you’ll never believe what she did today!;
    (gut/schlecht sein)
    es (nicht) bringen have a/no point, (not) cut the mustard;
    Drogen bringens nicht drugs are no good;
    das bringt’s (voll) umg that’s (really) excellent ( oder brilliant)
    9. umg (kriegen) get sb/sth somewhere;
    ich bring das Ding nicht in die Schachtel I can’t get the thing into the box;
    ich bring den Schmutz nicht von den Schuhen I can’t get the dirt off these shoes
    bringen change the subject to sth;
    bringen (erinnern) remind sb about sth; (anregen) make sb think about, do etc sth;
    du bringst mich auf etwas now that you mention it;
    jemanden auf die schiefe Bahn/den richtigen Weg bringen lead sb off/onto the straight and narrow;
    11. mit präp:
    an sich/in seinen Besitz bringen acquire, take possession of;
    hinter sich bringen get it over with;
    bringen I can’t bring myself to do it;
    jemanden um etwas bringen deprive sb of sth; (betrügen) do sb out of sth umg
    * * *
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) (herbringen) bring; (hinbringen) take

    sie brachte mir/ich brachte ihr ein Geschenk — she brought me/I took her a present

    Unglück/Unheil [über jemanden] bringen — bring misfortune/disaster [upon somebody]

    jemandem Glück/Unglück bringen — bring somebody [good] luck/bad luck

    2) (begleiten) take

    jemanden nach Hause/zum Bahnhof bringen — take somebody home/to the station

    die Kinder ins Bett od. zu Bett bringen — put the children to bed

    3)

    es zu etwas/nichts bringen — get somewhere/get nowhere or not get anywhere

    es weit bringen — get on or do very well

    4)

    jemanden ins Gefängnis bringen — <crime, misdeed> land somebody in prison or gaol

    das Gespräch auf etwas/ein anderes Thema bringen — bring the conversation round to something/change the topic of conversation

    jemanden wieder auf den rechten Weg bringen — (fig.) get somebody back on the straight and narrow

    jemanden zum Lachen/zur Verzweiflung bringen — make somebody laugh/drive somebody to despair

    jemanden dazu bringen, etwas zu tun — get somebody to do something

    etwas hinter sich bringen — (ugs.) get something over and done with

    es nicht über sich (Akk.) bringen [können], etwas zu tun — not be able to bring oneself to do something

    etwas an sich (Akk.) bringen — (ugs.) collar something (sl.)

    5)

    jemanden um den Schlaf/Verstand bringen — rob somebody of his/her sleep/drive somebody mad

    7) (senden) broadcast

    das/ein Opfer bringen — make the/a sacrifice

    eine Nummer/ein Ständchen bringen — perform a number/a serenade

    das kannst du nicht bringen — (ugs.) you can't do that

    einen großen Gewinn/hohe Zinsen bringen — make a large profit/earn high interest

    das Gemälde brachte 50 000 Euro — the painting fetched 50,000 euros

    das bringt nichts od. bringt's nicht — (ugs.) it's pointless

    10)

    das bringt es mit sich, dass... — that means that...

    11) (verursachen) cause <trouble, confusion>
    12) (salopp): (schaffen, erreichen)
    13) (bes. südd.) s. bekommen 1. 2)
    * * *
    v.
    (§ p.,pp.: brachte, gebracht)
    = to bring v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: brought)
    to get v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: got)
    or p.p.: gotten•)

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > bringen

  • 6 Murray, Matthew

    [br]
    b. 1765 near Newcastle upon Tyne, England
    d. 20 February 1826 Holbeck, Leeds, England
    [br]
    English mechanical engineer and steam engine, locomotive and machine-tool pioneer.
    [br]
    Matthew Murray was apprenticed at the age of 14 to a blacksmith who probably also did millwrighting work. He then worked as a journeyman mechanic at Stockton-on-Tees, where he had experience with machinery for a flax mill at Darlington. Trade in the Stockton area became slack in 1788 and Murray sought work in Leeds, where he was employed by John Marshall, who owned a flax mill at Adel, located about 5 miles (8 km) from Leeds. He soon became Marshall's chief mechanic, and when in 1790 a new mill was built in the Holbeck district of Leeds by Marshall and his partner Benyon, Murray was responsible for the installation of the machinery. At about this time he took out two patents relating to improvements in textile machinery.
    In 1795 he left Marshall's employment and, in partnership with David Wood (1761– 1820), established a general engineering and millwrighting business at Mill Green, Holbeck. In the following year the firm moved to a larger site at Water Lane, Holbeck, and additional capital was provided by two new partners, James Fenton (1754–1834) and William Lister (1796–1811). Lister was a sleeping partner and the firm was known as Fenton, Murray \& Wood and was organized so that Fenton kept the accounts, Wood was the administrator and took charge of the workshops, while Murray provided the technical expertise. The factory was extended in 1802 by the construction of a fitting shop of circular form, after which the establishment became known as the "Round Foundry".
    In addition to textile machinery, the firm soon began the manufacture of machine tools and steam-engines. In this field it became a serious rival to Boulton \& Watt, who privately acknowledged Murray's superior craftsmanship, particularly in foundry work, and resorted to some industrial espionage to discover details of his techniques. Murray obtained patents for improvements in steam engines in 1799, 1801 and 1802. These included automatic regulation of draught, a mechanical stoker and his short-D slide valve. The patent of 1801 was successfully opposed by Boulton \& Watt. An important contribution of Murray to the development of the steam engine was the use of a bedplate so that the engine became a compact, self-contained unit instead of separate components built into an en-gine-house.
    Murray was one of the first, if not the very first, to build machine tools for sale. However, this was not the case with the planing machine, which he is said to have invented to produce flat surfaces for his slide valves. Rather than being patented, this machine was kept secret, although it was apparently in use before 1814.
    In 1812 Murray was engaged by John Blenkinsop (1783–1831) to build locomotives for his rack railway from Middleton Colliery to Leeds (about 3 1/2 miles or 5.6 km). Murray was responsible for their design and they were fitted with two double-acting cylinders and cranks at right angles, an important step in the development of the steam locomotive. About six of these locomotives were built for the Middleton and other colliery railways and some were in use for over twenty years. Murray also supplied engines for many early steamboats. In addition, he built some hydraulic machinery and in 1814 patented a hydraulic press for baling cloth.
    Murray's son-in-law, Richard Jackson, later became a partner in the firm, which was then styled Fenton, Murray \& Jackson. The firm went out of business in 1843.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Society of Arts Gold Medal 1809 (for machine for hackling flax).
    Further Reading
    L.T.C.Rolt, 1962, Great Engineers, London (contains a good short biography).
    E.Kilburn Scott (ed.), 1928, Matthew Murray, Pioneer Engineer, Leeds (a collection of essays and source material).
    Year 1831, London.
    L.T.C.Rolt, 1965, Tools for the Job, London; repub. 1986 (provides information on Murray's machine-tool work).
    Some of Murray's correspondence with Simon Goodrich of the Admiralty has been published in Transactions of the Newcomen Society 3 (1922–3); 6(1925–6); 18(1937– 8); and 32 (1959–60).
    RTS

    Biographical history of technology > Murray, Matthew

  • 7 дистанционное техническое обслуживание

    1. remote sevice
    2. remote maintenance

     

    дистанционное техническое обслуживание
    Техническое обслуживание объекта, проводимое под управлением персонала без его непосредственного присутствия.
    [ОСТ 45.152-99 ]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU из ABB Review. Перевод компании Интент

    Service from afar

    Дистанционный сервис

    ABB’s Remote Service concept is revolutionizing the robotics industry

    Разработанная АББ концепция дистанционного обслуживания Remote Service революционизирует робототехнику

    ABB robots are found in industrial applications everywhere – lifting, packing, grinding and welding, to name a few. Robust and tireless, they work around the clock and are critical to a company’s productivity. Thus, keeping these robots in top shape is essential – any failure can lead to serious output consequences. But what happens when a robot malfunctions?

    Роботы АББ используются во всех отраслях промышленности для перемещения грузов, упаковки, шлифовки, сварки – всего и не перечислить. Надежные и неутомимые работники, способные трудиться день и ночь, они представляют большую ценность для владельца. Поэтому очень важно поддерживать их в надлежащей состоянии, ведь любой отказ может иметь серьезные последствия. Но что делать, если робот все-таки сломался?

    ABB’s new Remote Service concept holds the answer: This approach enables a malfunctioning robot to alarm for help itself. An ABB service engineer then receives whole diagnostic information via wireless technology, analyzes the data on a Web site and responds with support in just minutes. This unique service is paying off for customers and ABB alike, and in the process is revolutionizing service thinking.

    Ответом на этот вопрос стала новая концепция Remote Service от АББ, согласно которой неисправный робот сам просит о помощи. C помощью беспроводной технологии специалист сервисной службы АББ получает всю необходимую диагностическую информацию, анализирует данные на web-сайте и через считанные минуты выдает рекомендации по устранению отказа. Эта уникальная возможность одинаково ценна как для заказчиков, так и для самой компании АББ. В перспективе она способна в корне изменить весь подход к организации технического обслуживания.

    Every minute of production downtime can have financially disastrous consequences for a company. Traditional reactive service is no longer sufficient since on-site service engineer visits also demand great amounts of time and money. Thus, companies not only require faster help from the service organization when needed but they also want to avoid disturbances in production.

    Каждая минута простоя производства может привести к губительным финансовым последствиям. Традиционная организация сервиса, предусматривающая ликвидацию возникающих неисправностей, становится все менее эффективной, поскольку вызов сервисного инженера на место эксплуатации робота сопряжен с большими затратами времени и денег. Предприятия требуют от сервисной организации не только более быстрого оказания помощи, но и предотвращения возможных сбоев производства.

    In 2006, ABB developed a new approach to better meet customer’s expectations: Using the latest technologies to reach the robots at customer sites around the world, ABB could support them remotely in just minutes, thereby reducing the need for site visits. Thus the new Remote Service concept was quickly brought to fruition and was launched in mid-2007. Statistics show that by using the system the majority of production stoppages can be avoided.

    В 2006 г. компания АББ разработала новый подход к удовлетворению ожиданий своих заказчиков. Использование современных технологий позволяет специалистам АББ получать информацию от роботов из любой точки мира и в считанные минуты оказывать помощь дистанционно, в результате чего сокращается количество выездов на место установки. Запущенная в середине 2007 г. концепция Remote Service быстро себя оправдала. Статистика показывает, что её применение позволило предотвратить большое число остановок производства.

    Reactive maintenance The hardware that makes ABB Remote Service possible consists of a communication unit, which has a function similar to that of an airplane’s so-called black box 1. This “service box” is connected to the robot’s control system and can read and transmit diagnostic information. The unit not only reads critical diagnostic information that enables immediate support in the event of a failure, but also makes it possible to monitor and analyze the robot’s condition, thereby proactively detecting the need for maintenance.

    Устранение возникающих неисправностей Аппаратное устройство, с помощью которого реализуется концепция Remote Service, представляет собой коммуникационный блок, работающий аналогично черному ящику самолета (рис. 1). Этот блок считывает диагностические данные из контроллера робота и передает их по каналу GSM. Считывается не только информация, необходимая для оказания немедленной помощи в случае отказа, но и сведения, позволяющие контролировать и анализировать состояние робота для прогнозирования неисправностей и планирования технического обслуживания.

    If the robot breaks down, the service box immediately stores the status of the robot, its historical data (as log files), and diagnostic parameters such as temperature and power supply. Equipped with a built-in modem and using the GSM network, the box transmits the data to a central server for analysis and presentation on a dedicated Web site. Alerts are automatically sent to the nearest of ABB’s 1,200 robot service engineers who then accesses the detailed data and error log to analyze the problem.

    При поломке робота сервисный блок немедленно сохраняет данные о его состоянии, сведения из рабочего журнала, а также значения диагностических параметров (температура и характеристики питания). Эти данные передаются встроенным GSM-модемом на центральный сервер для анализа и представления на соответствующем web-сайте. Аварийные сообщения автоматически пересылаются ближайшему к месту аварии одному из 1200 сервисных инженеров-робототехников АББ, который получает доступ к детальной информации и журналу аварий для анализа возникшей проблемы.

    A remotely based ABB engineer can then quickly identify the exact fault, offering rapid customer support. For problems that cannot be solved remotely, the service engineer can arrange for quick delivery of spare parts and visit the site to repair the robot. Even if the engineer must make a site visit, service is faster, more efficient and performed to a higher standard than otherwise possible.

    Специалист АББ может дистанционно идентифицировать отказ и оказать быструю помощь заказчику. Если неисправность не может быть устранена дистанционно, сервисный инженер организовывает доставку запасных частей и выезд ремонтной бригады. Даже если необходимо разрешение проблемы на месте, предшествующая дистанционная диагностика позволяет минимизировать объем работ и сократить время простоя.

    Remote Service enables engineers to “talk” to robots remotely and to utilize tools that enable smart, fast and automatic analysis. The system is based on a machine-to-machine (M2M) concept, which works automatically, requiring human input only for analysis and personalized customer recommendations. ABB was recognized for this innovative solution at the M2M United Conference in Chicago in 2008 Factbox.

    Remote Service позволяет инженерам «разговаривать» с роботами на расстоянии и предоставляет в их распоряжение интеллектуальные средства быстрого автоматизированного анализа. Система основана на основе технологии автоматической связи машины с машиной (M2M), где участие человека сводится к анализу данных и выдаче рекомендаций клиенту. В 2008 г. это инновационное решение от АББ получило приз на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго (см. вставку).

    Proactive maintenance 
    Remote Service also allows ABB engineers to monitor and detect potential problems in the robot system and opens up new possibilities for proactive maintenance.

    Прогнозирование неисправностей
    Remote Service позволяет инженерам АББ дистанционно контролировать состояние роботов и прогнозировать возможные неисправности, что открывает новые возможности по организации профилактического обслуживания.

    The service box regularly takes condition measurements. By monitoring key parameters over time, Remote Service can identify potential failures and when necessary notify both the end customer and the appropriate ABB engineer. The management and storage of full system backups is a very powerful service to help recover from critical situations caused, for example, by operator errors.

    Сервисный блок регулярно выполняет диагностические измерения. Непрерывно контролируя ключевые параметры, Remote Service может распознать потенциальные опасности и, при необходимости, оповещать владельца оборудования и соответствующего специалиста АББ. Резервирование данных для возможного отката является мощным средством, обеспечивающим восстановление системы в критических ситуациях, например, после ошибки оператора.

    The first Remote Service installation took place in the automotive industry in the United States and quickly proved its value. The motherboard in a robot cabinet overheated and the rise in temperature triggered an alarm via Remote Service. Because of the alarm, engineers were able to replace a faulty fan, preventing a costly production shutdown.

    Первая система Remote Service была установлена на автозаводе в США и очень скоро была оценена по достоинству. Она обнаружила перегрев материнской платы в шкафу управления роботом и передала сигнал о превышении допустимой температуры, благодаря чему инженеры смогли заменить неисправный вентилятор и предотвратить дорогостоящую остановку производства.

    MyRobot: 24-hour remote access
    Having regular access to a robot’s condition data is also essential to achieving lean production. At any time, from any location, customers can verify their robots’ status and access maintenance information and performance reports simply by logging in to ABB’s MyRobot Web site. The service enables customers to easily compare performances, identify bottlenecks or developing issues, and initiate the most

    Сайт MyRobot: круглосуточный дистанционный доступ
    Для того чтобы обеспечить бесперебойное производство, необходимо иметь регулярный доступ к информации о состоянии робота. Зайдя на соответствующую страницу сайта MyRobot компании АББ, заказчики получат все необходимые данные, включая сведения о техническом обслуживании и отчеты о производительности своего робота. Эта услуга позволяет легко сравнивать данные о производительности, обнаруживать возможные проблемы, а также оптимизировать планирование технического обслуживания и модернизации. С помощью MyRobot можно значительно увеличить выпуск продукции и уменьшить количество выбросов.

    Award-winning solution
    In June 2008, the innovative Remote Service solution won the Gold Value Chain award at the M2M United Conference in Chicago. The value chain award honors successful corporate adopters of M2M (machine–to-machine) technology and highlights the process of combining multiple technologies to deliver high-quality services to customers. ABB won in the categoryof Smart Services.

    Приз за удачное решение
    В июне 2008 г. инновационное решение Remote Service получило награду Gold Value Chain (Золотая цепь) на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго. «Золотая цепь» присуждается за успешное масштабное внедрение технологии M2M (машина – машина), а также за достижения в объединении различных технологий для предоставления высококачественных услуг заказчикам. АББ одержала победу в номинации «Интеллектуальный сервис».

    Case study: Tetley Tetley GB Ltd is the world’s second-largest manufacturer and distributor of tea. The company’s manufacturing and distribution business is spread across 40 countries and sells over 60 branded tea bags. Tetley’s UK tea production facility in Eaglescliffe, County Durham is the sole producer of Tetley tea bags 2.

    Пример применения: Tetley Компания TetleyGB Ltd является вторым по величине мировым производителем и поставщиком чая. Производственные и торговые филиалы компании имеются в 40 странах, а продукция распространяется под 60 торговыми марками. Чаеразвесочная фабрика в Иглсклифф, графство Дарем, Великобритания – единственный производитель чая Tetley в пакетиках (рис. 2).

    ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which can help extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the cost of automated production.

    Предлагаемые АББ контракты на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и общую стоимость автоматизированного производства.

    Robots in the plant’s production line were tripping alarms and delaying the whole production cycle. The spurious alarms resulted in much unnecessary downtime that was spent resetting the robots in the hope that another breakdown could be avoided. Each time an alarm was tripped, several hours of production time was lost. “It was for this reason that we were keen to try out ABB’s Remote Service agreement,” said Colin Trevor, plant maintenance manager.

    Установленные в технологической линии роботы выдавали аварийные сигналы, задерживающие выполнение производственного цикла. Ложные срабатывания вынуждали перезапускать роботов в надежде предотвратить возможные отказы, в результате чего после каждого аварийного сигнала производство останавливалось на несколько часов. «Именно поэтому мы решили попробовать заключить с АББ контракт на дистанционное техническое обслуживание», – сказал Колин Тревор, начальник технической службы фабрики.

    To prevent future disruptions caused by unplanned downtime, Tetley signed an ABB Response Package service agreement, which included installing a service box and system infrastructure into the robot control systems. Using the Remote Service solution, ABB remotely monitors and collects data on the “wear and tear” and productivity of the robotic cells; this data is then shared with the customer and contributes to smooth-running production cycles.

    Для предотвращения ущерба в результате незапланированных простоев Tetley заключила с АББ контракт на комплексное обслуживание Response Package, согласно которому системы управления роботами были дооборудованы сервисными блоками с необходимой инфраструктурой. С помощью Remote Service компания АББ дистанционно собирает данные о наработке, износе и производительности роботизированных модулей. Эти данные предоставляются заказчику для оптимизации загрузки производственного оборудования.

    Higher production uptime
    Since the implementation of Remote Service, Tetley has enjoyed greatly reduced robot downtime, with no further disruptions caused by unforeseen problems. “The Remote Service package has dramatically changed the plant,” said Trevor. “We no longer have breakdown issues throughout the shift, helping us to achieve much longer periods of robot uptime. As we have learned, world-class manufacturing facilities need world-class support packages. Remote monitoring of our robots helps us to maintain machine uptime, prevent costly downtime and ensures my employees can be put to more valuable use.”

    Увеличение полезного времени
    С момента внедрения Remote Service компания Tetley была приятно удивлена резким сокращением простоя роботов и отсутствием незапланированных остановок производства. «Пакет Remote Service резко изменил ситуацию на предприятии», – сказал Тревор. «Мы избавились от простоев роботов и смогли резко увеличить их эксплуатационную готовность. Мы поняли, что для производственного оборудования мирового класса необходим сервисный пакет мирового класса. Дистанционный контроль роботов помогает нам поддерживать их в рабочем состоянии, предотвращать дорогостоящие простои и задействовать наш персонал для выполнения более важных задач».

    Service access
    Remote Service is available worldwide, connecting more than 500 robots. Companies that have up to 30 robots are often good candidates for the Remote Service offering, as they usually have neither the engineers nor the requisite skills to deal with robotics faults themselves. Larger companies are also enthusiastic about Remote Service, as the proactive services will improve the lifetime of their equipment and increase overall production uptime.

    Доступность сервиса
    Сеть Remote Service охватывает более 700 роботов по всему миру. Потенциальными заказчиками Remote Service являются компании, имеющие до 30 роботов, но не имеющие инженеров и техников, способных самостоятельно устранять их неисправности. Интерес к Remote Service проявляют и более крупные компании, поскольку они заинтересованы в увеличении срока службы и эксплуатационной готовности производственного оборудования.

    In today’s competitive environment, business profitability often relies on demanding production schedules that do not always leave time for exhaustive or repeated equipment health checks. ABB’s Remote Service agreements are designed to monitor its customers’ robots to identify when problems are likely to occur and ensure that help is dispatched before the problem can escalate. In over 60 percent of ABB’s service calls, its robots can be brought back online remotely, without further intervention.

    В условиях современной конкуренции окупаемость бизнеса часто зависит от соблюдения жестких графиков производства, не оставляющих времени для полномасштабных или периодических проверок исправности оборудования. Контракт Remote Service предусматривает мониторинг состояния роботов заказчика для прогнозирования возможных неисправностей и принятие мер по их предотвращению. В более чем 60 % случаев для устранения неисправности достаточно дистанционной консультации в сервисной службе АББ, дальнейшего вмешательства не требуется.

    ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which helps extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the total cost of ownership. With four new packages available – Support, Response, Maintenance and Warranty, each backed up by ABB’s Remote Service technology – businesses can minimize the impact of unplanned downtime and achieve improved production-line efficiency.

    Компания АББ предлагает гибкий выбор контрактов на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, которые позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и эксплуатационные расходы. Четыре новых пакета на основе технологии Remote Service – Support, Response, Maintenance и Warranty – позволяют минимизировать внеплановые простои и значительно повысить эффективность производства.

    The benefits of Remote Sevice are clear: improved availability, fewer service visits, lower maintenance costs and maximized total cost of ownership. This unique service sets ABB apart from its competitors and is the beginning of a revolution in service thinking. It provides ABB with a great opportunity to improve customer access to its expertise and develop more advanced services worldwide.

    Преимущества дистанционного технического обслуживания очевидны: повышенная надежность, уменьшение выездов ремонтных бригад, уменьшение затрат на обслуживание и общих эксплуатационных расходов. Эта уникальная услуга дает компании АББ преимущества над конкурентами и демонстрирует революционный подход к организации сервиса. Благодаря ей компания АББ расширяет доступ заказчиков к опыту своих специалистов и получает возможность более эффективного оказания технической помощи по всему миру.

    Тематики

    • тех. обсл. и ремонт средств электросвязи

    Обобщающие термины

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > дистанционное техническое обслуживание

  • 8 remote maintenance

    1. дистанционное техническое обслуживание

     

    дистанционное техническое обслуживание
    Техническое обслуживание объекта, проводимое под управлением персонала без его непосредственного присутствия.
    [ОСТ 45.152-99 ]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU из ABB Review. Перевод компании Интент

    Service from afar

    Дистанционный сервис

    ABB’s Remote Service concept is revolutionizing the robotics industry

    Разработанная АББ концепция дистанционного обслуживания Remote Service революционизирует робототехнику

    ABB robots are found in industrial applications everywhere – lifting, packing, grinding and welding, to name a few. Robust and tireless, they work around the clock and are critical to a company’s productivity. Thus, keeping these robots in top shape is essential – any failure can lead to serious output consequences. But what happens when a robot malfunctions?

    Роботы АББ используются во всех отраслях промышленности для перемещения грузов, упаковки, шлифовки, сварки – всего и не перечислить. Надежные и неутомимые работники, способные трудиться день и ночь, они представляют большую ценность для владельца. Поэтому очень важно поддерживать их в надлежащей состоянии, ведь любой отказ может иметь серьезные последствия. Но что делать, если робот все-таки сломался?

    ABB’s new Remote Service concept holds the answer: This approach enables a malfunctioning robot to alarm for help itself. An ABB service engineer then receives whole diagnostic information via wireless technology, analyzes the data on a Web site and responds with support in just minutes. This unique service is paying off for customers and ABB alike, and in the process is revolutionizing service thinking.

    Ответом на этот вопрос стала новая концепция Remote Service от АББ, согласно которой неисправный робот сам просит о помощи. C помощью беспроводной технологии специалист сервисной службы АББ получает всю необходимую диагностическую информацию, анализирует данные на web-сайте и через считанные минуты выдает рекомендации по устранению отказа. Эта уникальная возможность одинаково ценна как для заказчиков, так и для самой компании АББ. В перспективе она способна в корне изменить весь подход к организации технического обслуживания.

    Every minute of production downtime can have financially disastrous consequences for a company. Traditional reactive service is no longer sufficient since on-site service engineer visits also demand great amounts of time and money. Thus, companies not only require faster help from the service organization when needed but they also want to avoid disturbances in production.

    Каждая минута простоя производства может привести к губительным финансовым последствиям. Традиционная организация сервиса, предусматривающая ликвидацию возникающих неисправностей, становится все менее эффективной, поскольку вызов сервисного инженера на место эксплуатации робота сопряжен с большими затратами времени и денег. Предприятия требуют от сервисной организации не только более быстрого оказания помощи, но и предотвращения возможных сбоев производства.

    In 2006, ABB developed a new approach to better meet customer’s expectations: Using the latest technologies to reach the robots at customer sites around the world, ABB could support them remotely in just minutes, thereby reducing the need for site visits. Thus the new Remote Service concept was quickly brought to fruition and was launched in mid-2007. Statistics show that by using the system the majority of production stoppages can be avoided.

    В 2006 г. компания АББ разработала новый подход к удовлетворению ожиданий своих заказчиков. Использование современных технологий позволяет специалистам АББ получать информацию от роботов из любой точки мира и в считанные минуты оказывать помощь дистанционно, в результате чего сокращается количество выездов на место установки. Запущенная в середине 2007 г. концепция Remote Service быстро себя оправдала. Статистика показывает, что её применение позволило предотвратить большое число остановок производства.

    Reactive maintenance The hardware that makes ABB Remote Service possible consists of a communication unit, which has a function similar to that of an airplane’s so-called black box 1. This “service box” is connected to the robot’s control system and can read and transmit diagnostic information. The unit not only reads critical diagnostic information that enables immediate support in the event of a failure, but also makes it possible to monitor and analyze the robot’s condition, thereby proactively detecting the need for maintenance.

    Устранение возникающих неисправностей Аппаратное устройство, с помощью которого реализуется концепция Remote Service, представляет собой коммуникационный блок, работающий аналогично черному ящику самолета (рис. 1). Этот блок считывает диагностические данные из контроллера робота и передает их по каналу GSM. Считывается не только информация, необходимая для оказания немедленной помощи в случае отказа, но и сведения, позволяющие контролировать и анализировать состояние робота для прогнозирования неисправностей и планирования технического обслуживания.

    If the robot breaks down, the service box immediately stores the status of the robot, its historical data (as log files), and diagnostic parameters such as temperature and power supply. Equipped with a built-in modem and using the GSM network, the box transmits the data to a central server for analysis and presentation on a dedicated Web site. Alerts are automatically sent to the nearest of ABB’s 1,200 robot service engineers who then accesses the detailed data and error log to analyze the problem.

    При поломке робота сервисный блок немедленно сохраняет данные о его состоянии, сведения из рабочего журнала, а также значения диагностических параметров (температура и характеристики питания). Эти данные передаются встроенным GSM-модемом на центральный сервер для анализа и представления на соответствующем web-сайте. Аварийные сообщения автоматически пересылаются ближайшему к месту аварии одному из 1200 сервисных инженеров-робототехников АББ, который получает доступ к детальной информации и журналу аварий для анализа возникшей проблемы.

    A remotely based ABB engineer can then quickly identify the exact fault, offering rapid customer support. For problems that cannot be solved remotely, the service engineer can arrange for quick delivery of spare parts and visit the site to repair the robot. Even if the engineer must make a site visit, service is faster, more efficient and performed to a higher standard than otherwise possible.

    Специалист АББ может дистанционно идентифицировать отказ и оказать быструю помощь заказчику. Если неисправность не может быть устранена дистанционно, сервисный инженер организовывает доставку запасных частей и выезд ремонтной бригады. Даже если необходимо разрешение проблемы на месте, предшествующая дистанционная диагностика позволяет минимизировать объем работ и сократить время простоя.

    Remote Service enables engineers to “talk” to robots remotely and to utilize tools that enable smart, fast and automatic analysis. The system is based on a machine-to-machine (M2M) concept, which works automatically, requiring human input only for analysis and personalized customer recommendations. ABB was recognized for this innovative solution at the M2M United Conference in Chicago in 2008 Factbox.

    Remote Service позволяет инженерам «разговаривать» с роботами на расстоянии и предоставляет в их распоряжение интеллектуальные средства быстрого автоматизированного анализа. Система основана на основе технологии автоматической связи машины с машиной (M2M), где участие человека сводится к анализу данных и выдаче рекомендаций клиенту. В 2008 г. это инновационное решение от АББ получило приз на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго (см. вставку).

    Proactive maintenance 
    Remote Service also allows ABB engineers to monitor and detect potential problems in the robot system and opens up new possibilities for proactive maintenance.

    Прогнозирование неисправностей
    Remote Service позволяет инженерам АББ дистанционно контролировать состояние роботов и прогнозировать возможные неисправности, что открывает новые возможности по организации профилактического обслуживания.

    The service box regularly takes condition measurements. By monitoring key parameters over time, Remote Service can identify potential failures and when necessary notify both the end customer and the appropriate ABB engineer. The management and storage of full system backups is a very powerful service to help recover from critical situations caused, for example, by operator errors.

    Сервисный блок регулярно выполняет диагностические измерения. Непрерывно контролируя ключевые параметры, Remote Service может распознать потенциальные опасности и, при необходимости, оповещать владельца оборудования и соответствующего специалиста АББ. Резервирование данных для возможного отката является мощным средством, обеспечивающим восстановление системы в критических ситуациях, например, после ошибки оператора.

    The first Remote Service installation took place in the automotive industry in the United States and quickly proved its value. The motherboard in a robot cabinet overheated and the rise in temperature triggered an alarm via Remote Service. Because of the alarm, engineers were able to replace a faulty fan, preventing a costly production shutdown.

    Первая система Remote Service была установлена на автозаводе в США и очень скоро была оценена по достоинству. Она обнаружила перегрев материнской платы в шкафу управления роботом и передала сигнал о превышении допустимой температуры, благодаря чему инженеры смогли заменить неисправный вентилятор и предотвратить дорогостоящую остановку производства.

    MyRobot: 24-hour remote access
    Having regular access to a robot’s condition data is also essential to achieving lean production. At any time, from any location, customers can verify their robots’ status and access maintenance information and performance reports simply by logging in to ABB’s MyRobot Web site. The service enables customers to easily compare performances, identify bottlenecks or developing issues, and initiate the most

    Сайт MyRobot: круглосуточный дистанционный доступ
    Для того чтобы обеспечить бесперебойное производство, необходимо иметь регулярный доступ к информации о состоянии робота. Зайдя на соответствующую страницу сайта MyRobot компании АББ, заказчики получат все необходимые данные, включая сведения о техническом обслуживании и отчеты о производительности своего робота. Эта услуга позволяет легко сравнивать данные о производительности, обнаруживать возможные проблемы, а также оптимизировать планирование технического обслуживания и модернизации. С помощью MyRobot можно значительно увеличить выпуск продукции и уменьшить количество выбросов.

    Award-winning solution
    In June 2008, the innovative Remote Service solution won the Gold Value Chain award at the M2M United Conference in Chicago. The value chain award honors successful corporate adopters of M2M (machine–to-machine) technology and highlights the process of combining multiple technologies to deliver high-quality services to customers. ABB won in the categoryof Smart Services.

    Приз за удачное решение
    В июне 2008 г. инновационное решение Remote Service получило награду Gold Value Chain (Золотая цепь) на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго. «Золотая цепь» присуждается за успешное масштабное внедрение технологии M2M (машина – машина), а также за достижения в объединении различных технологий для предоставления высококачественных услуг заказчикам. АББ одержала победу в номинации «Интеллектуальный сервис».

    Case study: Tetley Tetley GB Ltd is the world’s second-largest manufacturer and distributor of tea. The company’s manufacturing and distribution business is spread across 40 countries and sells over 60 branded tea bags. Tetley’s UK tea production facility in Eaglescliffe, County Durham is the sole producer of Tetley tea bags 2.

    Пример применения: Tetley Компания TetleyGB Ltd является вторым по величине мировым производителем и поставщиком чая. Производственные и торговые филиалы компании имеются в 40 странах, а продукция распространяется под 60 торговыми марками. Чаеразвесочная фабрика в Иглсклифф, графство Дарем, Великобритания – единственный производитель чая Tetley в пакетиках (рис. 2).

    ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which can help extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the cost of automated production.

    Предлагаемые АББ контракты на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и общую стоимость автоматизированного производства.

    Robots in the plant’s production line were tripping alarms and delaying the whole production cycle. The spurious alarms resulted in much unnecessary downtime that was spent resetting the robots in the hope that another breakdown could be avoided. Each time an alarm was tripped, several hours of production time was lost. “It was for this reason that we were keen to try out ABB’s Remote Service agreement,” said Colin Trevor, plant maintenance manager.

    Установленные в технологической линии роботы выдавали аварийные сигналы, задерживающие выполнение производственного цикла. Ложные срабатывания вынуждали перезапускать роботов в надежде предотвратить возможные отказы, в результате чего после каждого аварийного сигнала производство останавливалось на несколько часов. «Именно поэтому мы решили попробовать заключить с АББ контракт на дистанционное техническое обслуживание», – сказал Колин Тревор, начальник технической службы фабрики.

    To prevent future disruptions caused by unplanned downtime, Tetley signed an ABB Response Package service agreement, which included installing a service box and system infrastructure into the robot control systems. Using the Remote Service solution, ABB remotely monitors and collects data on the “wear and tear” and productivity of the robotic cells; this data is then shared with the customer and contributes to smooth-running production cycles.

    Для предотвращения ущерба в результате незапланированных простоев Tetley заключила с АББ контракт на комплексное обслуживание Response Package, согласно которому системы управления роботами были дооборудованы сервисными блоками с необходимой инфраструктурой. С помощью Remote Service компания АББ дистанционно собирает данные о наработке, износе и производительности роботизированных модулей. Эти данные предоставляются заказчику для оптимизации загрузки производственного оборудования.

    Higher production uptime
    Since the implementation of Remote Service, Tetley has enjoyed greatly reduced robot downtime, with no further disruptions caused by unforeseen problems. “The Remote Service package has dramatically changed the plant,” said Trevor. “We no longer have breakdown issues throughout the shift, helping us to achieve much longer periods of robot uptime. As we have learned, world-class manufacturing facilities need world-class support packages. Remote monitoring of our robots helps us to maintain machine uptime, prevent costly downtime and ensures my employees can be put to more valuable use.”

    Увеличение полезного времени
    С момента внедрения Remote Service компания Tetley была приятно удивлена резким сокращением простоя роботов и отсутствием незапланированных остановок производства. «Пакет Remote Service резко изменил ситуацию на предприятии», – сказал Тревор. «Мы избавились от простоев роботов и смогли резко увеличить их эксплуатационную готовность. Мы поняли, что для производственного оборудования мирового класса необходим сервисный пакет мирового класса. Дистанционный контроль роботов помогает нам поддерживать их в рабочем состоянии, предотвращать дорогостоящие простои и задействовать наш персонал для выполнения более важных задач».

    Service access
    Remote Service is available worldwide, connecting more than 500 robots. Companies that have up to 30 robots are often good candidates for the Remote Service offering, as they usually have neither the engineers nor the requisite skills to deal with robotics faults themselves. Larger companies are also enthusiastic about Remote Service, as the proactive services will improve the lifetime of their equipment and increase overall production uptime.

    Доступность сервиса
    Сеть Remote Service охватывает более 700 роботов по всему миру. Потенциальными заказчиками Remote Service являются компании, имеющие до 30 роботов, но не имеющие инженеров и техников, способных самостоятельно устранять их неисправности. Интерес к Remote Service проявляют и более крупные компании, поскольку они заинтересованы в увеличении срока службы и эксплуатационной готовности производственного оборудования.

    In today’s competitive environment, business profitability often relies on demanding production schedules that do not always leave time for exhaustive or repeated equipment health checks. ABB’s Remote Service agreements are designed to monitor its customers’ robots to identify when problems are likely to occur and ensure that help is dispatched before the problem can escalate. In over 60 percent of ABB’s service calls, its robots can be brought back online remotely, without further intervention.

    В условиях современной конкуренции окупаемость бизнеса часто зависит от соблюдения жестких графиков производства, не оставляющих времени для полномасштабных или периодических проверок исправности оборудования. Контракт Remote Service предусматривает мониторинг состояния роботов заказчика для прогнозирования возможных неисправностей и принятие мер по их предотвращению. В более чем 60 % случаев для устранения неисправности достаточно дистанционной консультации в сервисной службе АББ, дальнейшего вмешательства не требуется.

    ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which helps extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the total cost of ownership. With four new packages available – Support, Response, Maintenance and Warranty, each backed up by ABB’s Remote Service technology – businesses can minimize the impact of unplanned downtime and achieve improved production-line efficiency.

    Компания АББ предлагает гибкий выбор контрактов на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, которые позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и эксплуатационные расходы. Четыре новых пакета на основе технологии Remote Service – Support, Response, Maintenance и Warranty – позволяют минимизировать внеплановые простои и значительно повысить эффективность производства.

    The benefits of Remote Sevice are clear: improved availability, fewer service visits, lower maintenance costs and maximized total cost of ownership. This unique service sets ABB apart from its competitors and is the beginning of a revolution in service thinking. It provides ABB with a great opportunity to improve customer access to its expertise and develop more advanced services worldwide.

    Преимущества дистанционного технического обслуживания очевидны: повышенная надежность, уменьшение выездов ремонтных бригад, уменьшение затрат на обслуживание и общих эксплуатационных расходов. Эта уникальная услуга дает компании АББ преимущества над конкурентами и демонстрирует революционный подход к организации сервиса. Благодаря ей компания АББ расширяет доступ заказчиков к опыту своих специалистов и получает возможность более эффективного оказания технической помощи по всему миру.

    Тематики

    • тех. обсл. и ремонт средств электросвязи

    Обобщающие термины

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > remote maintenance

  • 9 remote sevice

    1. дистанционное техническое обслуживание

     

    дистанционное техническое обслуживание
    Техническое обслуживание объекта, проводимое под управлением персонала без его непосредственного присутствия.
    [ОСТ 45.152-99 ]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU из ABB Review. Перевод компании Интент

    Service from afar

    Дистанционный сервис

    ABB’s Remote Service concept is revolutionizing the robotics industry

    Разработанная АББ концепция дистанционного обслуживания Remote Service революционизирует робототехнику

    ABB robots are found in industrial applications everywhere – lifting, packing, grinding and welding, to name a few. Robust and tireless, they work around the clock and are critical to a company’s productivity. Thus, keeping these robots in top shape is essential – any failure can lead to serious output consequences. But what happens when a robot malfunctions?

    Роботы АББ используются во всех отраслях промышленности для перемещения грузов, упаковки, шлифовки, сварки – всего и не перечислить. Надежные и неутомимые работники, способные трудиться день и ночь, они представляют большую ценность для владельца. Поэтому очень важно поддерживать их в надлежащей состоянии, ведь любой отказ может иметь серьезные последствия. Но что делать, если робот все-таки сломался?

    ABB’s new Remote Service concept holds the answer: This approach enables a malfunctioning robot to alarm for help itself. An ABB service engineer then receives whole diagnostic information via wireless technology, analyzes the data on a Web site and responds with support in just minutes. This unique service is paying off for customers and ABB alike, and in the process is revolutionizing service thinking.

    Ответом на этот вопрос стала новая концепция Remote Service от АББ, согласно которой неисправный робот сам просит о помощи. C помощью беспроводной технологии специалист сервисной службы АББ получает всю необходимую диагностическую информацию, анализирует данные на web-сайте и через считанные минуты выдает рекомендации по устранению отказа. Эта уникальная возможность одинаково ценна как для заказчиков, так и для самой компании АББ. В перспективе она способна в корне изменить весь подход к организации технического обслуживания.

    Every minute of production downtime can have financially disastrous consequences for a company. Traditional reactive service is no longer sufficient since on-site service engineer visits also demand great amounts of time and money. Thus, companies not only require faster help from the service organization when needed but they also want to avoid disturbances in production.

    Каждая минута простоя производства может привести к губительным финансовым последствиям. Традиционная организация сервиса, предусматривающая ликвидацию возникающих неисправностей, становится все менее эффективной, поскольку вызов сервисного инженера на место эксплуатации робота сопряжен с большими затратами времени и денег. Предприятия требуют от сервисной организации не только более быстрого оказания помощи, но и предотвращения возможных сбоев производства.

    In 2006, ABB developed a new approach to better meet customer’s expectations: Using the latest technologies to reach the robots at customer sites around the world, ABB could support them remotely in just minutes, thereby reducing the need for site visits. Thus the new Remote Service concept was quickly brought to fruition and was launched in mid-2007. Statistics show that by using the system the majority of production stoppages can be avoided.

    В 2006 г. компания АББ разработала новый подход к удовлетворению ожиданий своих заказчиков. Использование современных технологий позволяет специалистам АББ получать информацию от роботов из любой точки мира и в считанные минуты оказывать помощь дистанционно, в результате чего сокращается количество выездов на место установки. Запущенная в середине 2007 г. концепция Remote Service быстро себя оправдала. Статистика показывает, что её применение позволило предотвратить большое число остановок производства.

    Reactive maintenance The hardware that makes ABB Remote Service possible consists of a communication unit, which has a function similar to that of an airplane’s so-called black box 1. This “service box” is connected to the robot’s control system and can read and transmit diagnostic information. The unit not only reads critical diagnostic information that enables immediate support in the event of a failure, but also makes it possible to monitor and analyze the robot’s condition, thereby proactively detecting the need for maintenance.

    Устранение возникающих неисправностей Аппаратное устройство, с помощью которого реализуется концепция Remote Service, представляет собой коммуникационный блок, работающий аналогично черному ящику самолета (рис. 1). Этот блок считывает диагностические данные из контроллера робота и передает их по каналу GSM. Считывается не только информация, необходимая для оказания немедленной помощи в случае отказа, но и сведения, позволяющие контролировать и анализировать состояние робота для прогнозирования неисправностей и планирования технического обслуживания.

    If the robot breaks down, the service box immediately stores the status of the robot, its historical data (as log files), and diagnostic parameters such as temperature and power supply. Equipped with a built-in modem and using the GSM network, the box transmits the data to a central server for analysis and presentation on a dedicated Web site. Alerts are automatically sent to the nearest of ABB’s 1,200 robot service engineers who then accesses the detailed data and error log to analyze the problem.

    При поломке робота сервисный блок немедленно сохраняет данные о его состоянии, сведения из рабочего журнала, а также значения диагностических параметров (температура и характеристики питания). Эти данные передаются встроенным GSM-модемом на центральный сервер для анализа и представления на соответствующем web-сайте. Аварийные сообщения автоматически пересылаются ближайшему к месту аварии одному из 1200 сервисных инженеров-робототехников АББ, который получает доступ к детальной информации и журналу аварий для анализа возникшей проблемы.

    A remotely based ABB engineer can then quickly identify the exact fault, offering rapid customer support. For problems that cannot be solved remotely, the service engineer can arrange for quick delivery of spare parts and visit the site to repair the robot. Even if the engineer must make a site visit, service is faster, more efficient and performed to a higher standard than otherwise possible.

    Специалист АББ может дистанционно идентифицировать отказ и оказать быструю помощь заказчику. Если неисправность не может быть устранена дистанционно, сервисный инженер организовывает доставку запасных частей и выезд ремонтной бригады. Даже если необходимо разрешение проблемы на месте, предшествующая дистанционная диагностика позволяет минимизировать объем работ и сократить время простоя.

    Remote Service enables engineers to “talk” to robots remotely and to utilize tools that enable smart, fast and automatic analysis. The system is based on a machine-to-machine (M2M) concept, which works automatically, requiring human input only for analysis and personalized customer recommendations. ABB was recognized for this innovative solution at the M2M United Conference in Chicago in 2008 Factbox.

    Remote Service позволяет инженерам «разговаривать» с роботами на расстоянии и предоставляет в их распоряжение интеллектуальные средства быстрого автоматизированного анализа. Система основана на основе технологии автоматической связи машины с машиной (M2M), где участие человека сводится к анализу данных и выдаче рекомендаций клиенту. В 2008 г. это инновационное решение от АББ получило приз на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго (см. вставку).

    Proactive maintenance 
    Remote Service also allows ABB engineers to monitor and detect potential problems in the robot system and opens up new possibilities for proactive maintenance.

    Прогнозирование неисправностей
    Remote Service позволяет инженерам АББ дистанционно контролировать состояние роботов и прогнозировать возможные неисправности, что открывает новые возможности по организации профилактического обслуживания.

    The service box regularly takes condition measurements. By monitoring key parameters over time, Remote Service can identify potential failures and when necessary notify both the end customer and the appropriate ABB engineer. The management and storage of full system backups is a very powerful service to help recover from critical situations caused, for example, by operator errors.

    Сервисный блок регулярно выполняет диагностические измерения. Непрерывно контролируя ключевые параметры, Remote Service может распознать потенциальные опасности и, при необходимости, оповещать владельца оборудования и соответствующего специалиста АББ. Резервирование данных для возможного отката является мощным средством, обеспечивающим восстановление системы в критических ситуациях, например, после ошибки оператора.

    The first Remote Service installation took place in the automotive industry in the United States and quickly proved its value. The motherboard in a robot cabinet overheated and the rise in temperature triggered an alarm via Remote Service. Because of the alarm, engineers were able to replace a faulty fan, preventing a costly production shutdown.

    Первая система Remote Service была установлена на автозаводе в США и очень скоро была оценена по достоинству. Она обнаружила перегрев материнской платы в шкафу управления роботом и передала сигнал о превышении допустимой температуры, благодаря чему инженеры смогли заменить неисправный вентилятор и предотвратить дорогостоящую остановку производства.

    MyRobot: 24-hour remote access
    Having regular access to a robot’s condition data is also essential to achieving lean production. At any time, from any location, customers can verify their robots’ status and access maintenance information and performance reports simply by logging in to ABB’s MyRobot Web site. The service enables customers to easily compare performances, identify bottlenecks or developing issues, and initiate the most

    Сайт MyRobot: круглосуточный дистанционный доступ
    Для того чтобы обеспечить бесперебойное производство, необходимо иметь регулярный доступ к информации о состоянии робота. Зайдя на соответствующую страницу сайта MyRobot компании АББ, заказчики получат все необходимые данные, включая сведения о техническом обслуживании и отчеты о производительности своего робота. Эта услуга позволяет легко сравнивать данные о производительности, обнаруживать возможные проблемы, а также оптимизировать планирование технического обслуживания и модернизации. С помощью MyRobot можно значительно увеличить выпуск продукции и уменьшить количество выбросов.

    Award-winning solution
    In June 2008, the innovative Remote Service solution won the Gold Value Chain award at the M2M United Conference in Chicago. The value chain award honors successful corporate adopters of M2M (machine–to-machine) technology and highlights the process of combining multiple technologies to deliver high-quality services to customers. ABB won in the categoryof Smart Services.

    Приз за удачное решение
    В июне 2008 г. инновационное решение Remote Service получило награду Gold Value Chain (Золотая цепь) на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго. «Золотая цепь» присуждается за успешное масштабное внедрение технологии M2M (машина – машина), а также за достижения в объединении различных технологий для предоставления высококачественных услуг заказчикам. АББ одержала победу в номинации «Интеллектуальный сервис».

    Case study: Tetley Tetley GB Ltd is the world’s second-largest manufacturer and distributor of tea. The company’s manufacturing and distribution business is spread across 40 countries and sells over 60 branded tea bags. Tetley’s UK tea production facility in Eaglescliffe, County Durham is the sole producer of Tetley tea bags 2.

    Пример применения: Tetley Компания TetleyGB Ltd является вторым по величине мировым производителем и поставщиком чая. Производственные и торговые филиалы компании имеются в 40 странах, а продукция распространяется под 60 торговыми марками. Чаеразвесочная фабрика в Иглсклифф, графство Дарем, Великобритания – единственный производитель чая Tetley в пакетиках (рис. 2).

    ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which can help extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the cost of automated production.

    Предлагаемые АББ контракты на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и общую стоимость автоматизированного производства.

    Robots in the plant’s production line were tripping alarms and delaying the whole production cycle. The spurious alarms resulted in much unnecessary downtime that was spent resetting the robots in the hope that another breakdown could be avoided. Each time an alarm was tripped, several hours of production time was lost. “It was for this reason that we were keen to try out ABB’s Remote Service agreement,” said Colin Trevor, plant maintenance manager.

    Установленные в технологической линии роботы выдавали аварийные сигналы, задерживающие выполнение производственного цикла. Ложные срабатывания вынуждали перезапускать роботов в надежде предотвратить возможные отказы, в результате чего после каждого аварийного сигнала производство останавливалось на несколько часов. «Именно поэтому мы решили попробовать заключить с АББ контракт на дистанционное техническое обслуживание», – сказал Колин Тревор, начальник технической службы фабрики.

    To prevent future disruptions caused by unplanned downtime, Tetley signed an ABB Response Package service agreement, which included installing a service box and system infrastructure into the robot control systems. Using the Remote Service solution, ABB remotely monitors and collects data on the “wear and tear” and productivity of the robotic cells; this data is then shared with the customer and contributes to smooth-running production cycles.

    Для предотвращения ущерба в результате незапланированных простоев Tetley заключила с АББ контракт на комплексное обслуживание Response Package, согласно которому системы управления роботами были дооборудованы сервисными блоками с необходимой инфраструктурой. С помощью Remote Service компания АББ дистанционно собирает данные о наработке, износе и производительности роботизированных модулей. Эти данные предоставляются заказчику для оптимизации загрузки производственного оборудования.

    Higher production uptime
    Since the implementation of Remote Service, Tetley has enjoyed greatly reduced robot downtime, with no further disruptions caused by unforeseen problems. “The Remote Service package has dramatically changed the plant,” said Trevor. “We no longer have breakdown issues throughout the shift, helping us to achieve much longer periods of robot uptime. As we have learned, world-class manufacturing facilities need world-class support packages. Remote monitoring of our robots helps us to maintain machine uptime, prevent costly downtime and ensures my employees can be put to more valuable use.”

    Увеличение полезного времени
    С момента внедрения Remote Service компания Tetley была приятно удивлена резким сокращением простоя роботов и отсутствием незапланированных остановок производства. «Пакет Remote Service резко изменил ситуацию на предприятии», – сказал Тревор. «Мы избавились от простоев роботов и смогли резко увеличить их эксплуатационную готовность. Мы поняли, что для производственного оборудования мирового класса необходим сервисный пакет мирового класса. Дистанционный контроль роботов помогает нам поддерживать их в рабочем состоянии, предотвращать дорогостоящие простои и задействовать наш персонал для выполнения более важных задач».

    Service access
    Remote Service is available worldwide, connecting more than 500 robots. Companies that have up to 30 robots are often good candidates for the Remote Service offering, as they usually have neither the engineers nor the requisite skills to deal with robotics faults themselves. Larger companies are also enthusiastic about Remote Service, as the proactive services will improve the lifetime of their equipment and increase overall production uptime.

    Доступность сервиса
    Сеть Remote Service охватывает более 700 роботов по всему миру. Потенциальными заказчиками Remote Service являются компании, имеющие до 30 роботов, но не имеющие инженеров и техников, способных самостоятельно устранять их неисправности. Интерес к Remote Service проявляют и более крупные компании, поскольку они заинтересованы в увеличении срока службы и эксплуатационной готовности производственного оборудования.

    In today’s competitive environment, business profitability often relies on demanding production schedules that do not always leave time for exhaustive or repeated equipment health checks. ABB’s Remote Service agreements are designed to monitor its customers’ robots to identify when problems are likely to occur and ensure that help is dispatched before the problem can escalate. In over 60 percent of ABB’s service calls, its robots can be brought back online remotely, without further intervention.

    В условиях современной конкуренции окупаемость бизнеса часто зависит от соблюдения жестких графиков производства, не оставляющих времени для полномасштабных или периодических проверок исправности оборудования. Контракт Remote Service предусматривает мониторинг состояния роботов заказчика для прогнозирования возможных неисправностей и принятие мер по их предотвращению. В более чем 60 % случаев для устранения неисправности достаточно дистанционной консультации в сервисной службе АББ, дальнейшего вмешательства не требуется.

    ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which helps extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the total cost of ownership. With four new packages available – Support, Response, Maintenance and Warranty, each backed up by ABB’s Remote Service technology – businesses can minimize the impact of unplanned downtime and achieve improved production-line efficiency.

    Компания АББ предлагает гибкий выбор контрактов на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, которые позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и эксплуатационные расходы. Четыре новых пакета на основе технологии Remote Service – Support, Response, Maintenance и Warranty – позволяют минимизировать внеплановые простои и значительно повысить эффективность производства.

    The benefits of Remote Sevice are clear: improved availability, fewer service visits, lower maintenance costs and maximized total cost of ownership. This unique service sets ABB apart from its competitors and is the beginning of a revolution in service thinking. It provides ABB with a great opportunity to improve customer access to its expertise and develop more advanced services worldwide.

    Преимущества дистанционного технического обслуживания очевидны: повышенная надежность, уменьшение выездов ремонтных бригад, уменьшение затрат на обслуживание и общих эксплуатационных расходов. Эта уникальная услуга дает компании АББ преимущества над конкурентами и демонстрирует революционный подход к организации сервиса. Благодаря ей компания АББ расширяет доступ заказчиков к опыту своих специалистов и получает возможность более эффективного оказания технической помощи по всему миру.

    Тематики

    • тех. обсл. и ремонт средств электросвязи

    Обобщающие термины

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > remote sevice

  • 10 aprovechar

    v.
    1 to make the most of.
    me gustaría aprovechar esta oportunidad para… I'd like to take this opportunity to…
    aprovechar que… to make the most of the fact that…
    2 to put to good use (lo inservible).
    no tires los restos de la paella, los aprovecharé para hacer sopa don't throw what's left of the paella away, I'll use it to make a soup
    3 to make good use of, to avail, to make use of, to utilize.
    Silvia aprovecha el tiempo Silvia makes good use of the time.
    4 to take the opportunity to.
    María aprovecha salir Mary takes the opportunity to go out.
    Silvia aprovecha que no hay nadie Silvia takes advantage that nobody's here.
    5 to be useful, to be helpful, to be a help.
    Las herramientas aprovechan Tools are useful.
    * * *
    1 (emplear útilmente) to make good use of, make the most of
    2 (sacar provecho) to benefit from, take advantage of
    ■ aprovechar la oportunidad/ocasión to seize the opportunity
    1 to be useful, make the most of it
    2 (avanzar) to improve, progress
    1 (de alguien) to take advantage (de, of); (de algo) to make the most (de, of)
    \
    ¡que aproveche! enjoy your meal!
    * * *
    verb
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=utilizar) use

    • aprovechar algo para hacer algo — to use sth to do sth, take advantage of sth to do sth

    aprovechó el descanso para tomarse un café — she used o took advantage of the break to have a coffee

    2) (=sacar el máximo provecho de) [+ tiempo, espacio, ocasión] to make the most of; [+ conocimientos, experiencia] to make use of, make good use of

    Sánchez aprovechó el cansancio de su rival — Sánchez capitalized on o took advantage of her opponent's tiredness

    2. VI
    1) (=obtener provecho)

    tú que eres soltera, aprovecha y disfruta — make the most of the fact that you're single and enjoy yourself

    • aprovechar para hacer algo — to take the opportunity to do sth

    • ¡ que aproveche! — [al comer] enjoy your meal!, bon appétit!, enjoy! (EEUU)

    2) (=progresar) to progress
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) <tiempo/espacio/talento> to make the most of

    dinero/tiempo bien aprovechado — money/time well spent

    b) < oportunidad> to take advantage of

    voy a aprovechar que hace buen tiempo para... — I'm going to take advantage of the good weather to...

    aprovecho la ocasión para decirles que... — I would like to take this opportunity to tell you that...

    c) ( usar) to use

    aproveché los restos para... — I used the leftovers to...

    no tira nada, todo lo aprovecha — she doesn't throw anything away, she makes use of everything

    2.

    que aproveche! — enjoy your meal, bon appétit

    aprovechen ahora, que no tienen niños — make the most of it now, while you don't have children

    3.
    aprovecharse v pron
    a) ( abusar)

    aprovecharse de algo/alguien — to take advantage of something/somebody, to exploit something/somebody

    aprovecharse de alguien — de una mujer to take advantage of somebody; de un niño to abuse somebody

    * * *
    = exploit, harness, build on/upon, sop up, put to + good use.
    Ex. The Library of Congress List of Subject Headings (LCSH) can be exploited as a general index, since it shows LCC numbers for many of the headings listed.
    Ex. When computers were first harnessed for information retrieval and cataloguing applications, the information retrieval systems, and some of the cataloguing systems developed in different environments.
    Ex. The system should build on existing resources, rather than develop expensive new programmes.
    Ex. Here are activities to sop up those extra minutes by reinforcing what you're taught.
    Ex. Your advice, suggestions, comments are greatly appreciated and you can rest assured that they will be put to good use.
    ----
    * aprovechándose de = on the coattails of.
    * aprovechándose de la ocasión = opportunistically.
    * aprovechar Algo al máximo = make + the most of.
    * aprovechar al máximo = maximise [maximize, -USA], optimise [optimize, -USA], realise + to its full potential, exploit + full potential, take + full advantage (of), make + the best use of, get + the best out of, take + the best advantage, get + the most out of, realise + the potential, make + the best possible use of.
    * aprovechar al máximo las oportunidades = maximise + opportunities.
    * aprovechar el momento = catch + the moment.
    * aprovechar la experiencia profesional = harness + expertise.
    * aprovechar la ocasión = use + the occasion.
    * aprovechar la oportunidad = grasp + the opportunity, seize + the opportunity, take + the opportunity, make + hay while the sun shines.
    * aprovechar la situación = ride + the wave.
    * aprovechar las posibilidades de Algo = achieve + Posesivo + full potential, develop + potential, develop + Nombre + to its full potential.
    * aprovechar las posibilidades que nos ofrece = harness + the power of.
    * aprovechar mejor = squeeze + more life out of.
    * aprovechar mejor el dinero = get + more for + Posesivo + money.
    * aprovechar oportunidades = exploit + opportunities.
    * aprovechar + Posesivo + posibilidades = achieve + Posesivo + potential.
    * aprovechar + Posesivo + potencial = reach + Posesivo + potential.
    * aprovecharse = profit, screw, further + Posesivo + own interest, milk.
    * aprovecharse al máximo de = make + the best of.
    * aprovecharse de = take + advantage (of), piggyback [piggy-back], cash in on, prey on/upon, tap into, leverage, make + an opportunity (out) of, ride (on) + Posesivo + coattails.
    * aprovecharse de las ventajas que ambas partes ofrecen = get + the best of both worlds.
    * aprovecharse de las ventajas que cada parte ofrece = get + the best of all worlds.
    * aprovecharse del interés general por Algo = exploit + appeal.
    * aprovecharse del mercado = skim + the market.
    * aprovecharse del sistema = game + the system, milk + the system.
    * aprovecharse de + Posesivo + posición = take + advantage of + Posesivo + position.
    * aprovecharse de recursos = tap + resources.
    * aprovecharse de una oportunidad = grab + opportunity, capitalise on + opportunity.
    * aprovecharse de una oportunidad pasajera = ride + the hype, catch + the fever.
    * aprovecharse de una oportunidad pasajera = jump on + the bandwagon.
    * aprovecharse económicamente = line + Posesivo + (own) pocket(s).
    * aprovechar una oportunidad = embrace + opportunity, catch + opportunity.
    * no aprovechar Algo lo suficiente = under-exploit [underexploit].
    * no aprovechar el potencial = fall (far) short of + potential, fall (far) behind + potential.
    * oportunidad pasajera de la que hay que aprovecharse = bandwagon.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) <tiempo/espacio/talento> to make the most of

    dinero/tiempo bien aprovechado — money/time well spent

    b) < oportunidad> to take advantage of

    voy a aprovechar que hace buen tiempo para... — I'm going to take advantage of the good weather to...

    aprovecho la ocasión para decirles que... — I would like to take this opportunity to tell you that...

    c) ( usar) to use

    aproveché los restos para... — I used the leftovers to...

    no tira nada, todo lo aprovecha — she doesn't throw anything away, she makes use of everything

    2.

    que aproveche! — enjoy your meal, bon appétit

    aprovechen ahora, que no tienen niños — make the most of it now, while you don't have children

    3.
    aprovecharse v pron
    a) ( abusar)

    aprovecharse de algo/alguien — to take advantage of something/somebody, to exploit something/somebody

    aprovecharse de alguien — de una mujer to take advantage of somebody; de un niño to abuse somebody

    * * *
    = exploit, harness, build on/upon, sop up, put to + good use.

    Ex: The Library of Congress List of Subject Headings (LCSH) can be exploited as a general index, since it shows LCC numbers for many of the headings listed.

    Ex: When computers were first harnessed for information retrieval and cataloguing applications, the information retrieval systems, and some of the cataloguing systems developed in different environments.
    Ex: The system should build on existing resources, rather than develop expensive new programmes.
    Ex: Here are activities to sop up those extra minutes by reinforcing what you're taught.
    Ex: Your advice, suggestions, comments are greatly appreciated and you can rest assured that they will be put to good use.
    * aprovechándose de = on the coattails of.
    * aprovechándose de la ocasión = opportunistically.
    * aprovechar Algo al máximo = make + the most of.
    * aprovechar al máximo = maximise [maximize, -USA], optimise [optimize, -USA], realise + to its full potential, exploit + full potential, take + full advantage (of), make + the best use of, get + the best out of, take + the best advantage, get + the most out of, realise + the potential, make + the best possible use of.
    * aprovechar al máximo las oportunidades = maximise + opportunities.
    * aprovechar el momento = catch + the moment.
    * aprovechar la experiencia profesional = harness + expertise.
    * aprovechar la ocasión = use + the occasion.
    * aprovechar la oportunidad = grasp + the opportunity, seize + the opportunity, take + the opportunity, make + hay while the sun shines.
    * aprovechar la situación = ride + the wave.
    * aprovechar las posibilidades de Algo = achieve + Posesivo + full potential, develop + potential, develop + Nombre + to its full potential.
    * aprovechar las posibilidades que nos ofrece = harness + the power of.
    * aprovechar mejor = squeeze + more life out of.
    * aprovechar mejor el dinero = get + more for + Posesivo + money.
    * aprovechar oportunidades = exploit + opportunities.
    * aprovechar + Posesivo + posibilidades = achieve + Posesivo + potential.
    * aprovechar + Posesivo + potencial = reach + Posesivo + potential.
    * aprovecharse = profit, screw, further + Posesivo + own interest, milk.
    * aprovecharse al máximo de = make + the best of.
    * aprovecharse de = take + advantage (of), piggyback [piggy-back], cash in on, prey on/upon, tap into, leverage, make + an opportunity (out) of, ride (on) + Posesivo + coattails.
    * aprovecharse de las ventajas que ambas partes ofrecen = get + the best of both worlds.
    * aprovecharse de las ventajas que cada parte ofrece = get + the best of all worlds.
    * aprovecharse del interés general por Algo = exploit + appeal.
    * aprovecharse del mercado = skim + the market.
    * aprovecharse del sistema = game + the system, milk + the system.
    * aprovecharse de + Posesivo + posición = take + advantage of + Posesivo + position.
    * aprovecharse de recursos = tap + resources.
    * aprovecharse de una oportunidad = grab + opportunity, capitalise on + opportunity.
    * aprovecharse de una oportunidad pasajera = ride + the hype, catch + the fever.
    * aprovecharse de una oportunidad pasajera = jump on + the bandwagon.
    * aprovecharse económicamente = line + Posesivo + (own) pocket(s).
    * aprovechar una oportunidad = embrace + opportunity, catch + opportunity.
    * no aprovechar Algo lo suficiente = under-exploit [underexploit].
    * no aprovechar el potencial = fall (far) short of + potential, fall (far) behind + potential.
    * oportunidad pasajera de la que hay que aprovecharse = bandwagon.

    * * *
    aprovechar [A1 ]
    vt
    ‹tiempo/recursos/talento› to make good use of; ‹situación› to take advantage of
    sabe aprovechar muy bien su tiempo she really knows how to use her time well o how to make the most of her time
    para aprovechar el espacio al máximo to make maximum o best use of the space
    aprovechan la presión de agua para generar electricidad they make use of o take advantage of o utilize the water pressure to generate electricity
    aprovecharon estos momentos de pánico para saquear varias tiendas they took advantage of the panic to loot several stores
    aprovechando la ocasión les diré que … I would like to take o ( frml) avail myself of this opportunity to tell you that …, may I take this opportunity to tell you that …?
    aprovechó la oportunidad para hacerse publicidad he used o ( frml) availed himself of the opportunity to promote himself
    aprovecho la presente para saludarlo atentamente (I remain) sincerely yours ( AmE), (I remain) yours faithfully ( BrE)
    voy a aprovechar que hace buen tiempo para ir a escalar I'm going to take advantage of the good weather to go climbing
    aprovecho que tengo un ratito libre para escribirte I finally have a spare moment so I thought I'd write to you
    no tira nada, todo lo aprovecha she doesn't throw anything away, she makes use of everything
    sabe aprovechar muy bien su belleza she knows how to make the most of her looks
    aprovecharé los restos de pollo para hacer unas croquetas I'll use the chicken leftovers to make some croquettes
    aprovecha tu juventud y diviértete make the most of your youth and enjoy yourself
    ■ aprovechar
    vi
    como pasaba por aquí, aproveché para venir a verte I was passing so I thought I'd take the opportunity to come and see you
    ya que lo paga la empresa, voy a aprovechar y comprar el más caro since the company is paying, I'm going to make the most of it and buy the dearest one
    ¡que aproveche! enjoy your meal, bon appétit
    aprovechen ahora, que no tienen niños make the most of it now, while you don't have children
    A
    1 (abusar) aprovecharse DE algo/algn to take advantage OF sth/sb, to exploit sth/sb
    se aprovechó de que no estaban sus padres para hacer una fiesta he took advantage of his parents being away to have a party, he exploited the fact that his parents were away to have a party
    2 (abusar sexualmente) aprovecharse DE algn ‹de una mujer› to take advantage OF sb; ‹de un niño› to abuse sb
    B ( enf):
    aprovéchate ahora que eres joven make the most of it while you're young
    * * *

     

    aprovechar ( conjugate aprovechar) verbo transitivo
    a) ‹tiempo/espacio/talento› to make the most of;

    ◊ dinero/tiempo bien aprovechado money/time well spent;

    es espacio mal aprovechado it's a waste of space

    ◊ aprovecho la ocasión para decirles que … I would like to take this opportunity to tell you that …

    c) ( usar) to use;

    ◊ no tira nada, todo lo aprovecha she doesn't throw anything away, she makes use of everything

    verbo intransitivo:

    ¡que aproveche! enjoy your meal, bon appétit;
    aprovechen ahora, que son jóvenes make the most of it now, while you're young
    aprovecharse verbo pronominal
    a) ( abusar) aprovecharse de algo/algn to take advantage of sth/sb, to exploit sth/sb

    b) ( abusar sexualmente) aprovecharse de algn ‹ de una mujer› to take advantage of sb;

    ‹ de un niño› to abuse sb
    aprovechar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 to make the most of: hemos aprovechado mucho el rato, we've done a lot in a short time
    2 (la situación) to take advantage of: aprovechamos la ocasión para explicarle nuestro proyecto, we seized the opportunity to explain our project to him
    II verbo intransitivo ¡que aproveche!, enjoy your meal!, bon appétit!
    ' aprovechar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    desperdiciar
    - excedente
    - jugo
    - máximo
    English:
    account
    - advantage
    - avail
    - bread
    - harness
    - milk
    - most
    - opportunity
    - seize
    - seize on
    - seize upon
    - take
    - waste
    - grab
    - grasp
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [tiempo, dinero] to make the most of;
    [oferta, ocasión] to take advantage of; [conocimientos, experiencia] to use, to make use of;
    han aprovechado todo el potencial del jugador brasileño they have used the Brazilian player to his full potential;
    me gustaría aprovechar esta oportunidad para… I'd like to take this opportunity to…;
    aprovechar que… to make the most of the fact that…;
    aprovechó que no tenía nada que hacer para descansar un rato since she had nothing to do, she took the opportunity to have a rest;
    aprovechó que sabía alemán para solicitar un traslado a Alemania she used the fact that she knew German to ask for a transfer to Germany
    2. [lo inservible] to put to good use;
    buscan una forma de aprovechar los residuos they're looking for a way of putting by-products to good use;
    no tires los restos de la paella, los aprovecharé para hacer sopa don't throw what's left of the paella away, I'll use it to make a soup;
    el generador aprovecha la fuerza del agua para producir electricidad the generator uses the power of the water to produce electricity
    ♦ vi
    1. [mejorar] to make progress;
    desde que tiene un profesor particular aprovecha más en física since he's had a private tutor he's made more progress in physics
    2. [disfrutar]
    aprovecha mientras puedas make the most of it o enjoy it while you can;
    ¡cómo aprovechas para comer chocolate, ahora que no te ve nadie! you're really making the most of the opportunity to eat chocolate while nobody can see you!;
    ¡que aproveche! enjoy your meal!
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 take advantage of
    2 tiempo, espacio make good use of;
    quiero aprovechar la ocasión para … I would like to take this opportunity to …
    II v/i
    1 take the opportunity ( para to)
    2
    :
    ¡que aproveche! enjoy your meal!
    * * *
    : to take advantage of, to make good use of
    1) : to be of use
    2) : to progress, to improve
    * * *
    2. (oportunidad) to take advantage of [pt. took; pp. taken]
    3. (recursos naturales) to exploit
    ¡que aproveche! enjoy your meal!

    Spanish-English dictionary > aprovechar

  • 11 mejor

    adj.
    better.
    no hay nada mejor que… there's nothing better than…
    es mejor que no vengas it would be better if you didn't come
    será mejor que te calles you'd better shut up, I suggest you shut up
    adv.
    1 better.
    ahora veo mejor I can see better now
    mejor no se lo digas it'd be better if you don't tell him
    mejor dicho (or) rather
    mejor que mejor so much the better
    2 best.
    el que la conoce mejor the one who knows her best
    * * *
    1 (comparativo) better
    ■ mi mejor amigo,-a my best friend
    1 (comparativo) better
    ► nombre masculino,nombre femenino el/la mejor
    1 the best (one)
    \
    a lo mejor perhaps, maybe
    en el mejor de los casos at the very best
    mejor dicho or rather
    mejor o peor one way or another
    mejor que mejor so much the better
    tanto mejor so much the better
    * * *
    1. adj.
    2) best
    2. adv.
    2) best
    •
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [comparativo]
    a) (=más bueno) [resultado, producto] better; [calidad, oferta] better, higher

    • y lo que es mejor — and even better, and better still

    • mejor que algo — better than sth

    b) (=preferible)

    • ser mejor — to be better

    2) [superlativo]
    a) [de dos] better

    de estos dos refrescos, ¿cuál es el mejor? — which is the better (out) of these two drinks?

    b) [de varios] [persona, producto] best; [calidad] top, highest; [oferta] highest, best

    ¿quién es tu mejor amigo? — who is your best friend?

    ser el mejor de la clase — to be the best in the class, be top of the class

    un jamón de la mejor calidad — a top quality ham, a ham of the highest quality

    c)

    • lo mejor — the best

    os deseo (todo) lo mejor — I wish you all the best, my best wishes (to you)

    lo mejor del caso es que... — the good thing is that..., the best part of it is that...

    • os deseo lo mejor del mundo — I wish you all the best

    • tenéis que hacerlo lo mejor posible — you have to do the best you can, you have to do your best

    • lo hice lo mejor que pude — I did it the best I could, I did it as well as I could

    • estar en lo mejor de la vida — to be in the prime of life

    partir 1., 3)
    2. ADV
    1) [comparativo de bien] better

    ¿te sientes algo mejor? — do you feel any better?

    ¡pues si no quieres venir con nosotros, mejor! — well, if you don't want to come with us, so much the better!

    • mejor dicho — or rather, or I should say

    lleva tres años en Inglaterra, o mejor dicho, en el Reino Unido — she's been in England, or rather o or I should say the United Kingdom, for three years

    • mucho mejor — much better, a lot better *

    • mejor o peor, mejor o peor, ya saldremos adelante — for better or (for) worse, we'll come through this

    • mejor que mejor, tanto mejor — so much the better, all the better

    nunca
    2) [superlativo de bien] best

    ¿quién es el que lo hace mejor? — who does it best?

    3) (=preferiblemente)

    mejor quedamos otro día — why don't we meet another day?, it'd be better if we met another day

    tú, mejor te callas — * you'd better keep quiet *

    mejor me voy — * I'd better go

    cuanto 2., 2)
    4)

    a lo mejor viene mañana — he might come tomorrow, maybe he'll come tomorrow

    -¿crees que lloverá hoy? -a lo mejor — "do you think it will rain today?" - "maybe" o "it might"

    * * *
    I
    1)
    a) ( comparativo de bueno) <producto/profesor> better; < calidad> better, higher, superior

    va a ser mejor que... — it's better if...

    tanto mejor or mejor que mejor — so much the better

    al final todo fue para mejor — it was all for o it all worked out for the best in the end

    b) ( comparativo de bien) better
    2)
    a) ( superlativo de bueno) ( entre dos) better; ( entre varios) best

    éste es el mejor — it's the best one o this one is the best

    II
    1)
    a) ( comparativo) better
    b)

    mejor dicho: me lleva dos años, mejor dicho, dos y medio — she's two years older than me, or rather, two and a half

    2)
    a) ( superlativo) best

    lo hice lo mejor que pude — I did it as best I could o (frml) to the best of my ability

    b)

    a lo mejor: a lo mejor este verano vamos a Italia — we may o might go to Italy this summer

    3) (esp AmL) ( en sugerencias)
    III
    masculino y femenino

    el/la mejor — ( de dos) the better; ( de varios) the best

    * * *
    = advantageous, better, improved, increased, optimal, superior, top, top quality, high-end, best ever.
    Ex. Often it would be advantageous to be able to snap the camera and to look at the picture immediately.
    Ex. Some degree of ignorance of this kind is not unusual since the usual objective in consulting an information source is to become better informed.
    Ex. The matter of bulk is well taken care of by improved microfilming.
    Ex. Information networks are critical tools to ensure the exchange, transfer, and use of information which will facilitate the increased quality and quantity of agricultural production.
    Ex. The information manager supervises all services to ensure competitiveness, optimal staff deployment and attention to users.
    Ex. Superior cataloguing may result, since more consistency and closer adherence to standard codes are likely to emerge with cataloguers who spend all of their time cataloguing, than with a librarian who tackles cataloguing as one of various professional tasks.
    Ex. ISI's indexes let you locate research in the world's top journals by citation, title word, author, institution, or journal.
    Ex. The quality of a university's research library may not be sufficient to attract top quality students.
    Ex. The system provides extensive map facilities which until now have been available only on high-end hypermedia systems like Intermedia.
    Ex. The conference had a wobbly start in 1997 but has since grown increasingly stronger and has had its best ever year with over 650 attendees.
    ----
    * acabar con mejor cara = end up on + a high note.
    * acabar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.
    * alcanzar + Posesivo + mejor momento = peak.
    * alcanzar + Posesivo + mejor momento demasiado pronto = peak + too early.
    * al mejor precio = at the best price.
    * al mejor precio posible = at the best possible price.
    * apreciar mejor = gain + an appreciation.
    * aprovechar mejor = make + the best use of.
    * aprovechar mejor el dinero = get + more for + Posesivo + money.
    * arreglárselas lo mejor posible = make + the best of things.
    * arreglarse lo mejor posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * atraído por la promesa de una vida mejor = drawn by the promise of a better life.
    * aun mejor = better still.
    * ayudar a comprender mejor = offer + insights, improve + understanding, glean + insights, give + an insight into, provide + insight into, lend + understanding to.
    * ayudar a conocer mejor = advance + understanding.
    * ayudar a entender mejor = lend + understanding to.
    * bestseller de los mejores = runaway bestseller.
    * cada vez mejor = from strength to strength.
    * cambiar para mejor = change for + the better.
    * como mejor + poder = as best + Pronombre + can.
    * comprender mejor = gain + insight into, increase + understanding, gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding, gain + a better sense of, get + a better sense of, place + Nombre + in/into + perspective.
    * con la mejor voluntad del mundo = in good faith.
    * con las mejores intenciones = best-intentioned.
    * conocer mejor = gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding.
    * cuando uno se encuentra mejor de ánimo = on the upswing.
    * cuanto antes mejor = sooner the better, the.
    * cuantos más, mejor = the more the merrier, the more the better.
    * dar lo mejor de Uno mismo = give of + Posesivo + best.
    * dársele a Uno mejor Algo = be better at.
    * dársele mejor a Uno = do + best.
    * de la mejor forma posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * de la mejor manera posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * del mejor modo posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * de los mejores = high-end, as good as any, top-class.
    * de mejor manera = best.
    * demostrar ser mejor = prove + superior.
    * el ataque es la mejor defensa = attack is the best form of defence.
    * el mejor = best of breed, the.
    * el mejor de todos = the cream of the crop, crème de la crème.
    * el mejor hasta ahora = the best yet.
    * el mejor modo de = the best way of.
    * el mejor momento de todos = the time of all times.
    * el mejor + Nombre = the best available + Nombre.
    * el mejor que ha hecho hasta ahora = Posesivo + best yet.
    * el perro es el mejor amigo del hombre = a dog is man's best friend.
    * empezar a jugar mejor = get back into + the game.
    * encontrarse en una mejor situación económica = be economically better off.
    * en el mejor de los casos = at best, at most, ideally, in the best of circumstances, the best case scenario, at the most, at the best of times, at the very best.
    * en el mejor momento de Uno = at + Posesivo + (very) best.
    * en la mejor posición = best-positioned.
    * en las mejores condiciones posibles = in the best possible conditions.
    * en su mejor momento = at + Posesivo + peak.
    * entender mejor = gain + a better sense of, get + a better sense of, place + Nombre + in/into + perspective.
    * estar en la mejor posición para = be best positioned to.
    * estar mejor = be better off, be better served by.
    * funcionar mejor = work + best, do + best.
    * hacer el mejor uso de = make + the best of.
    * hacerlo lo mejor que uno pueda = do + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + best.
    * hacerlo mejor = do + a better job.
    * hacer lo mejor que Uno pued = give of + Posesivo + best.
    * hacer lo mejor que Uno pueda = put + Posesivo + best into.
    * hacer lo mejor que Uno puede = try + Posesivo + heart out.
    * hacer mejor = give + Nombre + an edge.
    * hacer resaltar las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
    * interpretar la ley según le convenga mejor a Uno = bend + the rules to suit + Posesivo + own purposes.
    * ir cada vez mejor = go from + strength to strength, go + great guns.
    * la mejor forma de hacer Algo = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * la mejor manera = how best.
    * la mejor manera de = the best way of.
    * la mejor oferta = the best deal.
    * la mejor opción = the best bet.
    * la mejor salida = the best way forward.
    * la mejor solución = the best way forward.
    * lo mejor = the top of the tree.
    * lo mejor de = the beauty of, showpiece.
    * lo mejor de ambas partes = the best of both worlds.
    * lo mejor de lo mejor = the best of the best.
    * lo mejor de todo = best of all.
    * lo mejor entre lo mejor = the best of the best.
    * lo mejor es que... = the good news is (that)....
    * lo mejor está aún por llegar = the best is yet to come.
    * lo mejor posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability, at + Posesivo + (very) best, optimally.
    * lo mejor que pueda = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * lo mejor que se puede hacer = the best bet.
    * lo mejor + ser = the beautiful part + be.
    * lo que es aun mejor = better still.
    * lo que es mejor aun = better still.
    * mejor amigo = best friend.
    * mejor aun = better still.
    * mejor compra = best buy.
    * mejor conservado = best-preserved.
    * mejor dicho = nay.
    * mejor diseñado = best-designed, best-laid, best-laid.
    * mejor, el = best, the.
    * mejor imposible = as good as it gets.
    * mejor intento = best stab, best shot.
    * mejor oferta = best buy.
    * mejor oferta, la = best value, the.
    * mejor pensado = best-laid.
    * mejor planeado = best-laid.
    * mejor que = in preference to.
    * mejor relación calidad-precio, la = best value for money, the.
    * mejor sería que + Subjuntivo = might + as well + Verbo.
    * mientras más, mejor = the more the merrier, the more the better.
    * mucho mejor = far better.
    * mucho mejor que = far superior to.
    * nada es mejor que = nothing beats....
    * nada sabe mejor que sentirse delgado = nothing tastes as good as thin feels.
    * no estar en el mejor momento de Uno = be past + Posesivo + best.
    * no hay nada mejor que = nothing beats....
    * ocupar la mejor posición para = be in the best position to, be best positioned to, be the best placed to.
    * Oficina para el Mejor Comercio = Better Business Bureau.
    * o mejor dicho = or rather.
    * para un futuro mejor = for a better future.
    * pasar a mejor vida = bite + the dust, give up + the ghost.
    * pasar a vida mejor = lay + Nombre + low.
    * pastos mejores = greener pastures, pastures new.
    * persona con la mejor nota = top scorer, top scorer.
    * poner de manifiesto las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
    * Posesivo + mejor amigo = Posesivo + best friend.
    * potenciar las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
    * ¡que gane el mejor! = may the best man win!, may the best man win!.
    * que ocupa la mejor posición = best-positioned.
    * sacar a relucir las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
    * sacar el mejor partido de = get + the best out of.
    * sacar el mejor partido de Algo = make + the best use of, make + the best advantage of, make + the best possible use of.
    * sacar el mejor partido posible = get + the best of both worlds, get + the best of all worlds.
    * sacar mejor partido = get + more for + Posesivo + money.
    * secreto mejor guardado = best kept secret.
    * sería mejor que + Imperfecto de Subjuntivo = had better + Infinitivo.
    * sería mejor que + Subjuntivo = better + Infinitivo.
    * sería mejor que yo = I'd better [I had better].
    * ser la mejor alternativa = be the best bet.
    * ser la mejor manera de = be the conduit for.
    * ser mejor en = be better at.
    * ser mejor que = be superior to, compare + favourably.
    * ser mejor que + Subjuntivo = better + Infinitivo.
    * tanto mejor = so much the better.
    * tener el mejor aspecto posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * tener lo mejor de ambos mundos = have + the best of both worlds.
    * tener lo mejor de los dos mundos = have + the best of both worlds.
    * terminar con mejor cara = end up on + a high note.
    * terminar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.
    * tierras mejores = greener pastures, pastures new.
    * todavía no ha pasado lo mejor = the best is yet to come.
    * trabajar mejor = work + best.
    * una mejor ocasión = a better time.
    * un mejor momento = a better time.
    * vida mejor = better life.
    * y aun mejor = better yet.
    * y mejor aun = better yet.
    * * *
    I
    1)
    a) ( comparativo de bueno) <producto/profesor> better; < calidad> better, higher, superior

    va a ser mejor que... — it's better if...

    tanto mejor or mejor que mejor — so much the better

    al final todo fue para mejor — it was all for o it all worked out for the best in the end

    b) ( comparativo de bien) better
    2)
    a) ( superlativo de bueno) ( entre dos) better; ( entre varios) best

    éste es el mejor — it's the best one o this one is the best

    II
    1)
    a) ( comparativo) better
    b)

    mejor dicho: me lleva dos años, mejor dicho, dos y medio — she's two years older than me, or rather, two and a half

    2)
    a) ( superlativo) best

    lo hice lo mejor que pude — I did it as best I could o (frml) to the best of my ability

    b)

    a lo mejor: a lo mejor este verano vamos a Italia — we may o might go to Italy this summer

    3) (esp AmL) ( en sugerencias)
    III
    masculino y femenino

    el/la mejor — ( de dos) the better; ( de varios) the best

    * * *
    el mejor
    = best, the

    Ex: This fact further reinforces the notion that Western Europeans 'civilized' the world in the best interests of us -- the majority -- all.

    = advantageous, better, improved, increased, optimal, superior, top, top quality, high-end, best ever.

    Ex: Often it would be advantageous to be able to snap the camera and to look at the picture immediately.

    Ex: Some degree of ignorance of this kind is not unusual since the usual objective in consulting an information source is to become better informed.
    Ex: The matter of bulk is well taken care of by improved microfilming.
    Ex: Information networks are critical tools to ensure the exchange, transfer, and use of information which will facilitate the increased quality and quantity of agricultural production.
    Ex: The information manager supervises all services to ensure competitiveness, optimal staff deployment and attention to users.
    Ex: Superior cataloguing may result, since more consistency and closer adherence to standard codes are likely to emerge with cataloguers who spend all of their time cataloguing, than with a librarian who tackles cataloguing as one of various professional tasks.
    Ex: ISI's indexes let you locate research in the world's top journals by citation, title word, author, institution, or journal.
    Ex: The quality of a university's research library may not be sufficient to attract top quality students.
    Ex: The system provides extensive map facilities which until now have been available only on high-end hypermedia systems like Intermedia.
    Ex: The conference had a wobbly start in 1997 but has since grown increasingly stronger and has had its best ever year with over 650 attendees.
    * acabar con mejor cara = end up on + a high note.
    * acabar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.
    * alcanzar + Posesivo + mejor momento = peak.
    * alcanzar + Posesivo + mejor momento demasiado pronto = peak + too early.
    * al mejor precio = at the best price.
    * al mejor precio posible = at the best possible price.
    * apreciar mejor = gain + an appreciation.
    * aprovechar mejor = make + the best use of.
    * aprovechar mejor el dinero = get + more for + Posesivo + money.
    * arreglárselas lo mejor posible = make + the best of things.
    * arreglarse lo mejor posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * atraído por la promesa de una vida mejor = drawn by the promise of a better life.
    * aun mejor = better still.
    * ayudar a comprender mejor = offer + insights, improve + understanding, glean + insights, give + an insight into, provide + insight into, lend + understanding to.
    * ayudar a conocer mejor = advance + understanding.
    * ayudar a entender mejor = lend + understanding to.
    * bestseller de los mejores = runaway bestseller.
    * cada vez mejor = from strength to strength.
    * cambiar para mejor = change for + the better.
    * como mejor + poder = as best + Pronombre + can.
    * comprender mejor = gain + insight into, increase + understanding, gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding, gain + a better sense of, get + a better sense of, place + Nombre + in/into + perspective.
    * con la mejor voluntad del mundo = in good faith.
    * con las mejores intenciones = best-intentioned.
    * conocer mejor = gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding.
    * cuando uno se encuentra mejor de ánimo = on the upswing.
    * cuanto antes mejor = sooner the better, the.
    * cuantos más, mejor = the more the merrier, the more the better.
    * dar lo mejor de Uno mismo = give of + Posesivo + best.
    * dársele a Uno mejor Algo = be better at.
    * dársele mejor a Uno = do + best.
    * de la mejor forma posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * de la mejor manera posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * del mejor modo posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * de los mejores = high-end, as good as any, top-class.
    * de mejor manera = best.
    * demostrar ser mejor = prove + superior.
    * el ataque es la mejor defensa = attack is the best form of defence.
    * el mejor = best of breed, the.
    * el mejor de todos = the cream of the crop, crème de la crème.
    * el mejor hasta ahora = the best yet.
    * el mejor modo de = the best way of.
    * el mejor momento de todos = the time of all times.
    * el mejor + Nombre = the best available + Nombre.
    * el mejor que ha hecho hasta ahora = Posesivo + best yet.
    * el perro es el mejor amigo del hombre = a dog is man's best friend.
    * empezar a jugar mejor = get back into + the game.
    * encontrarse en una mejor situación económica = be economically better off.
    * en el mejor de los casos = at best, at most, ideally, in the best of circumstances, the best case scenario, at the most, at the best of times, at the very best.
    * en el mejor momento de Uno = at + Posesivo + (very) best.
    * en la mejor posición = best-positioned.
    * en las mejores condiciones posibles = in the best possible conditions.
    * en su mejor momento = at + Posesivo + peak.
    * entender mejor = gain + a better sense of, get + a better sense of, place + Nombre + in/into + perspective.
    * estar en la mejor posición para = be best positioned to.
    * estar mejor = be better off, be better served by.
    * funcionar mejor = work + best, do + best.
    * hacer el mejor uso de = make + the best of.
    * hacerlo lo mejor que uno pueda = do + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + best.
    * hacerlo mejor = do + a better job.
    * hacer lo mejor que Uno pued = give of + Posesivo + best.
    * hacer lo mejor que Uno pueda = put + Posesivo + best into.
    * hacer lo mejor que Uno puede = try + Posesivo + heart out.
    * hacer mejor = give + Nombre + an edge.
    * hacer resaltar las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
    * interpretar la ley según le convenga mejor a Uno = bend + the rules to suit + Posesivo + own purposes.
    * ir cada vez mejor = go from + strength to strength, go + great guns.
    * la mejor forma de hacer Algo = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * la mejor manera = how best.
    * la mejor manera de = the best way of.
    * la mejor oferta = the best deal.
    * la mejor opción = the best bet.
    * la mejor salida = the best way forward.
    * la mejor solución = the best way forward.
    * lo mejor = the top of the tree.
    * lo mejor de = the beauty of, showpiece.
    * lo mejor de ambas partes = the best of both worlds.
    * lo mejor de lo mejor = the best of the best.
    * lo mejor de todo = best of all.
    * lo mejor entre lo mejor = the best of the best.
    * lo mejor es que... = the good news is (that)....
    * lo mejor está aún por llegar = the best is yet to come.
    * lo mejor posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability, at + Posesivo + (very) best, optimally.
    * lo mejor que pueda = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * lo mejor que se puede hacer = the best bet.
    * lo mejor + ser = the beautiful part + be.
    * lo que es aun mejor = better still.
    * lo que es mejor aun = better still.
    * mejor amigo = best friend.
    * mejor aun = better still.
    * mejor compra = best buy.
    * mejor conservado = best-preserved.
    * mejor dicho = nay.
    * mejor diseñado = best-designed, best-laid, best-laid.
    * mejor, el = best, the.
    * mejor imposible = as good as it gets.
    * mejor intento = best stab, best shot.
    * mejor oferta = best buy.
    * mejor oferta, la = best value, the.
    * mejor pensado = best-laid.
    * mejor planeado = best-laid.
    * mejor que = in preference to.
    * mejor relación calidad-precio, la = best value for money, the.
    * mejor sería que + Subjuntivo = might + as well + Verbo.
    * mientras más, mejor = the more the merrier, the more the better.
    * mucho mejor = far better.
    * mucho mejor que = far superior to.
    * nada es mejor que = nothing beats....
    * nada sabe mejor que sentirse delgado = nothing tastes as good as thin feels.
    * no estar en el mejor momento de Uno = be past + Posesivo + best.
    * no hay nada mejor que = nothing beats....
    * ocupar la mejor posición para = be in the best position to, be best positioned to, be the best placed to.
    * Oficina para el Mejor Comercio = Better Business Bureau.
    * o mejor dicho = or rather.
    * para un futuro mejor = for a better future.
    * pasar a mejor vida = bite + the dust, give up + the ghost.
    * pasar a vida mejor = lay + Nombre + low.
    * pastos mejores = greener pastures, pastures new.
    * persona con la mejor nota = top scorer, top scorer.
    * poner de manifiesto las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
    * Posesivo + mejor amigo = Posesivo + best friend.
    * potenciar las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
    * ¡que gane el mejor! = may the best man win!, may the best man win!.
    * que ocupa la mejor posición = best-positioned.
    * sacar a relucir las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
    * sacar el mejor partido de = get + the best out of.
    * sacar el mejor partido de Algo = make + the best use of, make + the best advantage of, make + the best possible use of.
    * sacar el mejor partido posible = get + the best of both worlds, get + the best of all worlds.
    * sacar mejor partido = get + more for + Posesivo + money.
    * secreto mejor guardado = best kept secret.
    * sería mejor que + Imperfecto de Subjuntivo = had better + Infinitivo.
    * sería mejor que + Subjuntivo = better + Infinitivo.
    * sería mejor que yo = I'd better [I had better].
    * ser la mejor alternativa = be the best bet.
    * ser la mejor manera de = be the conduit for.
    * ser mejor en = be better at.
    * ser mejor que = be superior to, compare + favourably.
    * ser mejor que + Subjuntivo = better + Infinitivo.
    * tanto mejor = so much the better.
    * tener el mejor aspecto posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * tener lo mejor de ambos mundos = have + the best of both worlds.
    * tener lo mejor de los dos mundos = have + the best of both worlds.
    * terminar con mejor cara = end up on + a high note.
    * terminar mejor de lo que + empezar = end up on + a high note.
    * tierras mejores = greener pastures, pastures new.
    * todavía no ha pasado lo mejor = the best is yet to come.
    * trabajar mejor = work + best.
    * una mejor ocasión = a better time.
    * un mejor momento = a better time.
    * vida mejor = better life.
    * y aun mejor = better yet.
    * y mejor aun = better yet.

    * * *
    A
    1 (comparativo de bueno) ‹producto/obra/profesor› better; ‹calidad› better, higher, superior
    resultó mejor que el otro/de lo que pensábamos it was better than the other one/than we expected
    va a ser mejor que no nos veamos más it's better if we don't see each other anymore
    y si no quiere comer tanto mejor or mejor que mejor and if she doesn't want to eat, all the better o so much the better
    cuanto más grande mejor the bigger the better
    al final todo fue para mejor it was all o it all worked out for the best in the end
    me siento mejor que ayer I feel better than (I did) yesterday
    sabe mucho mejor así it tastes much better like that
    B
    es el mejor jugador del equipo he's the best player in the team
    mi mejor amiga my best friend
    productos de la mejor calidad products of the highest quality
    este vino es de lo mejorcito que producen ( fam); this is one of their better wines
    lo mejor es que le digas la verdad the best thing (to do) is to tell her the truth
    le deseo lo mejor I wish you the very best o all the best
    hoy es el día en que la he encontrado mejor today is the best I've seen her
    la que está mejor de dinero the one who has most money o ( colloq) who's best off
    A
    1 (comparativo) better
    luego lo pensé mejor y decidí aceptar then I thought better of it and decided to accept
    pintas cada vez mejor your painting is getting better and better o is getting better all the time
    2
    mejor dicho: me lleva dos años, mejor dicho, dos años y medio she's two years older than me, sorry, two and a half o or rather, two and a half o no, two and a half
    B
    éste es el lugar desde donde se ve mejor this is where you can see best (from)
    la versión mejor ambientada de la obra the best-staged production of the play
    lo hice lo mejor que pude I did it as well as I could, I did it as best I could o ( frml) to the best of my ability
    2
    a lo mejor: a lo mejor este verano vamos a Italia we may o might go to Italy this summer
    a lo mejor no se han enterado they may o might not have heard, maybe o perhaps they haven't heard
    C
    ( esp AmL) (en sugerencias): mejor lo dejamos para otro día why don't we leave it for another day?, I suggest we leave it o let's leave it for another day
    mejor me callo I think I'd better shut up
    mejor pídeselo tú it would be better if you asked him, why don't you ask him?
    el/la mejor (de dos) the better; (de varios) the best
    se quedó con el mejor de los dos/de todos she kept the better of the two/the best one of all for herself
    es la mejor de la clase she's the best in the class, she's top of the class
    * * *

     

    mejor adjetivo
    1

    ◊ bueno) ‹producto/profesor› better;


    ‹ calidad› better, higher, superior;

    cuanto más grande mejor the bigger the better

    ◊ bien) better;

    está mejor así it's better like this
    2



    ( entre varios) best;

    productos de la mejor calidad products of the highest quality;
    lo mejor es que se lo digas the best thing (to do) is to tell her;
    le deseo lo mejor I wish you the very best o all the best

    ◊ bien): la que está mejor de dinero the one who has the most money

    ■ adverbio
    1 ( comparativo) better;

    pintas cada vez mejor your painting is getting better and better;
    me lleva dos años, mejor dicho, dos y medio she's two years older than me, or rather, two and a half
    2 ( superlativo) best;

    la versión mejor ambientada de la obra the best-staged production of the play;
    lo hice lo mejor que pude I did it as best I could o (frml) to the best of my ability;
    a lo mejor maybe, perhaps;
    a lo mejor vamos a Italia we may o might go to Italy
    3 (esp AmL) ( en sugerencias):

    mejor me callo I think I'd better shut up
    ■ sustantivo masculino y femenino:
    ◊ el/la mejor ( de dos) the better;


    ( de varios) the best;

    mejor
    I adjetivo
    1 (comparativo de bueno) better: mi bolígrafo es mejor que el tuyo, my pen is better than yours
    es mejor que confieses, you'd better confess
    no hay nada mejor, there's nothing better
    2 (superlativo de bueno) best
    la mejor de la clase, the best in the class
    lo mejor, the best thing
    II adverbio
    1 (comparativo de bien) better: canta mucho mejor, he sings much better
    estamos mejor atendidos, we are better looked after
    lo hace mejor que tú, she does it better than you do
    2 (superlativo de bien) best: soy la que mejor lo hace, I'm the one who does it best
    3 (antes, preferiblemente) mejor lo escribes, you'd better write it down
    déjalo mejor para la tarde, it'd be better if you left it for the evening
    ♦ Locuciones: a lo mejor, maybe, perhaps, tanto mejor, so much the better

    ' mejor' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bastante
    - calaña
    - caso
    - concebir
    - corta
    - corto
    - cuanta
    - cuanto
    - desear
    - despersonalizada
    - despersonalizado
    - dicha
    - dicho
    - diplomacia
    - don
    - duda
    - él
    - embalarse
    - flor
    - gafar
    - infinitamente
    - ingeniar
    - irse
    - modestamente
    - pegar
    - pique
    - postor
    - postora
    - premio
    - que
    - resbaladiza
    - resbaladizo
    - revolver
    - según
    - sentar
    - sentirse
    - superarse
    - superior
    - tanta
    - tanto
    - vaho
    - vida
    - voluntad
    - alegrar
    - caber
    - cada
    - camino
    - casi
    - como
    - cuando
    English:
    acclaim
    - acknowledge
    - and
    - any
    - at
    - attest
    - awaken
    - best
    - better
    - brand
    - bust up
    - but
    - by
    - change
    - choose
    - clean up
    - dog
    - ever
    - eyesight
    - far
    - female
    - few
    - flagship
    - gazump
    - gazumping
    - grade
    - highlight
    - institution
    - job
    - late
    - laugh
    - lion
    - look up
    - lot
    - love
    - male-dominated
    - maybe
    - mile
    - more
    - much
    - next
    - of
    - off
    - one-upmanship
    - optimal
    - out
    - outdistance
    - outmaneuver
    - outmanoeuvre
    - pain
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    1. [comparativo] better ( que than);
    un mundo mejor a better world;
    ella tiene una moto mucho mejor she has a much better motorbike;
    una televisión de mejor calidad a better-quality television;
    no hay nada mejor que… there's nothing better than…;
    es mejor que no vengas it would be better if you didn't come;
    será mejor que te calles you'd better shut up, I suggest you shut up;
    sería mejor que llamáramos a un médico we ought to call a doctor;
    un cambio a o [m5] para mejor a change for the better
    2. [superlativo]
    el/la mejor… the best…;
    el mejor vino de todos/del mundo the best wine of all/in the world;
    un producto de la mejor calidad a top-quality product, a product of the highest quality;
    es lo mejor que nos pudo ocurrir it was the best thing that could have happened to us;
    lo mejor es que nos marchemos it would be best if we left;
    te deseo lo mejor I wish you all the best;
    lo mejor fue que… the best thing was that…;
    a lo mejor maybe, perhaps;
    a lo mejor voy I may go
    ♦ nmf
    el/la mejor (de) the best (in);
    el mejor de todos/del mundo the best of all/in the world;
    el mejor de los dos the better of the two;
    que gane el mejor may the best man win
    ♦ adv
    1. [comparativo] better ( que than);
    ahora veo mejor I can see better now;
    el inglés se me da mejor que el alemán I'm better at English than I am at German;
    lo haces cada vez mejor you're getting better and better at it;
    ¿qué tal las vacaciones? – mejor imposible Br how were your holidays?, US how was your vacation? – couldn't have been any better;
    mejor me quedo I'd better stay;
    mejor no se lo digas it'd be better if you didn't tell him;
    mejor quedamos mañana it would be better if we met tomorrow;
    estar mejor [no tan malo] to feel better;
    [recuperado] to be better;
    nos va mejor con este gobierno we're better off under this government;
    me lo he pensado mejor I've thought better of it;
    mejor dicho (or) rather;
    mejor para ti/él/ etc so much the better;
    si tienen mucho dinero, mejor para ellos if they've got lots of money, so much the better;
    me han invitado a la ceremonia – mejor para ti I've been invited to the ceremony – good for you;
    mejor que mejor so much the better;
    tanto mejor so much the better
    2. [superlativo] best;
    el que la conoce mejor the one who knows her best;
    esto es lo que se me da mejor this is what I'm best at;
    los vinos mejor elaborados the finest wines;
    el personal mejor preparado the best-qualified staff
    * * *
    I adj
    1 comp better;
    está mejor that’s better;
    ir a mejor get better;
    tanto mejor all the better
    2 sup
    :
    el mejor the best;
    lo mejor the best thing;
    lo mejor posible as well as possible;
    dar lo mejor de sí mismo do one’s best
    II
    :
    mejor para ti good for you;
    a lo mejor perhaps, maybe
    * * *
    mejor adv
    1) : better
    Carla cocina mejor que Ana: Carla cooks better than Ana
    2) : best
    ella es la que lo hace mejor: she's the one who does it best
    3) : rather
    mejor morir que rendirme: I'd rather die than give up
    4) : it's better that...
    mejor te vas: you'd better go
    5)
    a lo mejor : maybe, perhaps
    mejor adj
    1) (comparative of bueno) : better
    a falta de algo mejor: for lack of something better
    2) (comparative of bien) : better
    está mucho mejor: he's much better
    3) (superlative of bueno) : best, the better
    mi mejor amigo: my best friend
    4) (superlative of bien) : best, the better
    duermo mejor en un clima seco: I sleep best in a dry climate
    5) preferible: preferable, better
    6)
    lo mejor : the best thing, the best part
    mejor nmf, (with definite article) : the better (one), the best (one)
    * * *
    mejor adj adv
    1. (comparativo) better
    (es) mejor que... it's better...

    Spanish-English dictionary > mejor

  • 12 Artificial Intelligence

       In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)
       Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)
       Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inflated predictions....
       When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)
       4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually
       Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)
       What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)
       The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)
       9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form
       The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)
       There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:
        Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins fly? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can fly, so robins probably can fly."
        Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)
       Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)
       Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)
       The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)
        14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation
       It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)
       We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.
       Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.
       Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.
    ... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)
       Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)
        16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts
       Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)
       Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System
       Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence
       The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.
       The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)
       The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....
       AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)
        21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions
       In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)
       Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)
       Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)
       The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence

  • 13 mayor

    adj.
    1 bigger.
    2 grown-up (adulto).
    cuando sea mayor when I grow up
    ser mayor de edad to be an adult
    3 older (no joven).
    una mujer mayor an older woman
    ser muy mayor to be very old
    4 main (principal) (plaza, calle, palo).
    5 major, main, chief, leading.
    f. & m.
    1 major (military).
    2 head.
    * * *
    1 (comparativo) bigger, greater, larger; (persona) older; (hermanos, hijos) elder, older
    2 (superlativo) biggest, greatest, largest; (persona) oldest; (hermanos, hijos) eldest, oldest
    3 (de edad) mature, elderly
    4 (adulto) grown-up
    ■ ya eres mayor, así que defiéndete tú solo you are old enough to stand up for yourself now
    6 MÚSICA major
    1 MILITAR major
    1 (adultos) grown-ups, adults; (antepasados) ancestors
    ► nombre masculino,nombre femenino el/la mayor
    1 (entre varios) the oldest; (entre hermanos, hijos) the eldest, the oldest
    \
    al por mayor wholesale
    hacerse mayor to grow up
    no ir/pasar a mayores not to come to anything, not to be anything serious
    ser mayor de edad to be of age
    calle mayor high street, US main street
    * * *
    1. noun mf. 2. adj.
    1) main, major
    2) bigger, biggest
    3) larger, largest
    4) greater, greatest
    5) elder, oldest
    •
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [comparativo]
    a) (=más grande)

    un mayor número de visitantes — a larger o greater number of visitors, more visitors

    son temas de mayor importancia — they are more important issues, they are issues of greater importance

    • la mayor parte de los ciudadanos — most citizens

    • ser mayor que algo, mi casa es mayor que la suya — my house is bigger o larger than his

    b) (=de más edad) older

    • mayor que algn — older than sb

    vivió con un hombre muchos años mayor que ella — she lived with a man many years her senior, she lived with a man who was several years older than her

    2) [superlativo]
    a) (=más grande)

    esta es la mayor iglesia del mundo — this is the biggest o largest church in the world

    su mayor problema — his biggest o greatest problem

    su mayor enemigo — his biggest o greatest enemy

    b) (=de más edad) oldest

    mi hijo (el) mayor — my oldest o eldest son

    3) (=principal) [plaza, mástil] main; [altar, misa] high

    calle mayor — high street, main street (EEUU)

    colegio 1), libro 2)
    4) (=adulto) grown-up, adult

    las personas mayores — grown-ups, adults

    • ser mayor de edad — to be of age

    • hacerse mayor — to grow up

    5) (=de edad avanzada) old, elderly
    6) (=jefe) head antes de s
    7) (Mús) major
    2. SMF
    1) (=adulto) grown-up, adult

    mayor de edad — adult, person who is legally of age

    2) (=anciano)

    ¡más respeto con los mayores! — be more respectful to your elders (and betters)!

    3) LAm (Mil) major
    3.
    SM

    • al por mayor — wholesale

    repartir golpes al por mayor — to throw punches left, right and centre

    * * *
    I
    1)

    a la mayor brevedad posible — (Corresp) as soon as possible o (frml) at your earliest convenience

    la mayor parte de los estudiantes — most students, the majority of students

    2) ( en edad)
    a) ( comparativo) older

    ¿tienes hermanos mayores? — do you have any older o elder brothers or sisters?

    mi hijo mayor — my eldest o oldest son

    c) ( anciano) elderly
    d) ( adulto)

    ser mayor de edad — (Der) to be of age

    no pasar or llegar a mayores: tuvo un novio, pero el asunto no pasó a mayores she had a boyfriend, but it didn't come to anything; afortunadamente la cosa no llegó a mayores — fortunately it was nothing serious

    4) ( en nombres) ( principal) main

    Calle Mayor — Main Street ( in US), High Street ( in UK)

    5) (Mús) major
    6) (Com)
    II
    masculino y femenino
    1) ( adulto) adult, grown-up (colloq)

    mis/tus mayores — my/your elders

    2) mayor masculino (AmL) (Mil) major
    * * *
    I
    1)

    a la mayor brevedad posible — (Corresp) as soon as possible o (frml) at your earliest convenience

    la mayor parte de los estudiantes — most students, the majority of students

    2) ( en edad)
    a) ( comparativo) older

    ¿tienes hermanos mayores? — do you have any older o elder brothers or sisters?

    mi hijo mayor — my eldest o oldest son

    c) ( anciano) elderly
    d) ( adulto)

    ser mayor de edad — (Der) to be of age

    no pasar or llegar a mayores: tuvo un novio, pero el asunto no pasó a mayores she had a boyfriend, but it didn't come to anything; afortunadamente la cosa no llegó a mayores — fortunately it was nothing serious

    4) ( en nombres) ( principal) main

    Calle Mayor — Main Street ( in US), High Street ( in UK)

    5) (Mús) major
    6) (Com)
    II
    masculino y femenino
    1) ( adulto) adult, grown-up (colloq)

    mis/tus mayores — my/your elders

    2) mayor masculino (AmL) (Mil) major
    * * *
    mayor1
    1 = senior, elderly, eldest.

    Ex: If we instruct it to ponder this question more leisurely, it will quickly try the user's patience with digressions concerning the less illustrious senior MOZART, LEOPOLD.

    Ex: To the general public 'the female librarian is still angular, elderly, acidulous and terrifying', to use Geoffrey Langley's words, 'and a male librarian is impossible under any hypothesis'.
    Ex: When her eldest son developed a glaucoma she became aware of the lack of suitable books.
    * apto para mayores de 13 años o menores acompañados = PG-13.
    * asistencia social para los mayores = elderly care, elder care [eldercare].
    * centro de día para mayores = day centre for the elderly.
    * cuidado de los mayores = kinkeeping.
    * cuidados de los mayores = elderly care, elder care [eldercare].
    * cuidados para personas mayores = elderly care, elder care [eldercare].
    * familiar que cuida de los mayores = kinkeeper.
    * gente mayor = elderly people.
    * hombre mayor = elderly man.
    * mayor de 25 años = mature adult.
    * mayores, los = elderly, the.
    * muy mayor = over the hill.
    * pesonas mayores = elderly people.
    * ser mayor = be older.

    mayor2
    2 = largest, greater, heightened, increased.

    Ex: Together they constitute the world's largest data base.

    Ex: The likelihood of data transmission errors is greater, however, and it is not recommended for constant use.
    Ex: The heightened level of community awareness has led some local authorities to take the initiative and to become information disseminators in their own right.
    Ex: Information networks are critical tools to ensure the exchange, transfer, and use of information which will facilitate the increased quality and quantity of agricultural production.
    * admitir un número de reservas mayor a las plazas existentes = overbook.
    * alcanzar mayores cotas = rise to + greater heights.
    * al por mayor = in bulk.
    * cada vez en mayor grado = ever-increasing.
    * cada vez mayor = escalating, ever-growing, ever-increasing, expanded, growing, increasing, mounting, rising, spiralling [spiraling, -USA], deepening, rapidly growing, expanding, constantly rising, swelling, ever larger [ever-larger], galloping, steadily rising, steadily growing, mushrooming, ever greater, rapidly expanding, ever-widening, burgeoning, heightening.
    * cada vez mucho mayor = fast-increasing, exploding.
    * calle mayor, la = main street, the.
    * causa de fuerza mayor = act of God.
    * colegio mayor = residence hall, dormitory [dorm, -abbr.], student residence.
    * comprar al por mayor = buy + in bulk.
    * con el mayor cuidado = with utmost care.
    * con el mayor secreto = a veil of secrecy.
    * con mayor detalle = in greater detail.
    * con mayor profundidad = in most detail, in more detail.
    * con un mayor nivel educativo = better educated [better-educated].
    * dar mayor importancia a = give + pride of place to.
    * demasiado mayor en relación con Algo = overage.
    * demasiado mayor para su curso = overage for grade.
    * de mayor edad = senior.
    * de mayor o menor importancia = great and small.
    * desajuste cada vez mayor entre... y = widening of the gap beween.... and, widening gap between... and.
    * descuento por compra al por mayor = bulk deal, bulk rate, bulk rate discount.
    * diferencia cada vez mayor entre... y = widening of the gap beween.... and, widening gap between... and.
    * distanciamiento cada vez mayor entre... y, = widening gap between... and, widening of the gap beween.... and.
    * durante la mayor parte de = for much of.
    * durante la mayor parte del año = for the best part of the year.
    * en caso de fuerza mayor = in the event of circumstances beyond + Posesivo + control.
    * en el mayor secreto = a veil of secrecy.
    * en la mayor parte de = in the majority of.
    * en mayor grado = to a greater degree, a fortiori, to a greater extent, to a larger degree, to a larger extent.
    * en mayor medida = to a greater extent, to a greater degree, a fortiori, to a larger degree, to a larger extent.
    * en mayor o menor grado = to a greater or lesser degree.
    * en mayor o menor medida = to a greater or lesser extent.
    * en su mayor parte = largely, mostly, for the most part.
    * en un número cada vez mayor = in increasing numbers.
    * fuerza mayor = force majeure.
    * hora de mayor demanda = peak time.
    * importancia cada vez mayor = growing importance, growing significance.
    * interés cada vez mayor = growing interest.
    * jefe del estado mayor = Chief of Staff.
    * la mayor parte de = the majority of, the main bulk of, the lion's share of.
    * la mayor parte de las veces = more often than not.
    * la proporción mayor de = the lion's share of.
    * libro de mayor venta = bestseller [best seller/best-seller].
    * material de tamaño mayor de lo normal = outsize material.
    * mayor + Nombre = longer + Nombre.
    * mayor rendimiento = efficiencies of scale.
    * mucho mayor = far greater, far larger, very much greater.
    * obtener el mayor rendimiento posible = maximise + opportunities.
    * para mayor información sobre = for details of.
    * para mayor información véase + Nombre = see + Nombre + for further details.
    * para mayor inri = to cap it all (off), on top of everything else, on top of everything else, but to make things worse, but to make matters worse.
    * período de mayor demanda = peak time.
    * precio al por mayor = block rate, wholesale price, bulk rate.
    * precio especial por compra al por mayor = bulk deal.
    * preocupación cada vez mayor (por) = growing concern (about).
    * problema cada vez mayor = growing problem.
    * problemas cada vez mayores = mounting problems.
    * programación televisiva de mayor audiencia = prime time television.
    * programa de mayor audiencia = prime time programme, prime time show.
    * sacar el mayor partido al dinero de uno = get + the most for + Posesivo + money.
    * sacar mayor partido a = squeeze + more life out of.
    * sacar mayor provecho = stretch + further.
    * separación cada vez mayor entre... y = widening gap between... and.
    * ser el que con mayor frecuencia = be (the) most likely to.
    * símbolo de mayor-que (>) = greater-than sign (>), greater-than symbol (>), right angled bracket (>).
    * suministro al por mayor = bulk supply.
    * tonto de marca mayor = prize idiot.
    * una mayor variedad de = a wider canvas of.
    * una necesidad cada vez mayor = a growing need.
    * un conjunto cada vez mayor de = a growing body of.
    * un grupo cada vez mayor de = a growing body of.
    * un número cada vez mayor = growing numbers.
    * un número cada vez mayor de = a growing number of, a growing body of.
    * vender al por mayor = sell + in bulk, wholesale.
    * venta al por mayor = wholesaling, wholesale.

    * * *
    A
    pueden volar a mayor altura they can fly at a greater height
    estas tablas le dan mayor amplitud a la falda these pleats make the skirt fuller
    un material de mayor flexibilidad a more flexible material
    en otros países el índice de mortalidad infantil es aún mayor in other countries the infant mortality rate is even higher
    esto podría reportar beneficios aún mayores this could bring even greater benefits
    mayor QUE algo:
    una superficie cuatro veces mayor que la de nuestro país a surface area four times greater than that of our country
    cualquier número mayor que 40 any number above 40 o greater than 40 o higher than 40
    X > Z ( Mat) (read as: equis es mayor que zeta) X > Z (léase: x is greater than z)
    el mayor país de América Latina the biggest country in Latin America
    el mayor número de accidentes de Europa the greatest o highest number of accidents in Europe
    ésa ha sido siempre su mayor preocupación that has always been her greatest worry
    le ruego lo envíe a la mayor brevedad posible ( Corresp) please send it as soon as possible o ( frml) at your earliest convenience
    la mayor parte de los argentinos most Argentinians, the majority of Argentinians
    ¿tienes hermanos mayores? do you have any older o elder brothers or sisters?
    mayor QUE algn older THAN sb
    soy dos meses mayor que tú I am two months older than you
    2
    (superlativo): ¿quién de los dos es el mayor? who is the older o elder of the two?
    éste es mi hijo mayor this is my eldest o oldest son
    el mayor de todos los residentes the oldest of all the residents
    3 (viejo) elderly
    ya es muy mayor y no puede valerse sola she's very old o ( colloq) she's getting on and she can't manage on her own
    4
    (adulto): no se les habla así a las personas mayores you shouldn't talk to adults o grown-ups like that
    cuando sea mayor quiero ser bombero when I grow up I want to be a fireman
    vamos, que ya eres mayorcito para estar haciendo esas cosas come on, you're a bit old to be doing things like that
    cuando sea mayor de edad ( Der) when he reaches the age of majority
    soy mayor de edad y haré lo que quiera I'm over 18 ( o 21 etc) and I'll do as I please
    (grande): no creo que esto requiera mayores explicaciones I don't think this needs much in the way of explanation
    no tengo mayor interés en el tema I'm not particularly interested in o I don't have any great interest in the subject
    la noticia no me produjo mayor inquietud the news did not worry me particularly o unduly
    se llevó a cabo sin mayores contratiempos it was carried out without any serious o major hitches
    no pasar or llegar a mayores: tuvo un pretendiente, pero la cosa no pasó a mayores she had a boyfriend, but it didn't come to anything o but nothing came of it
    hubo una pelea pero no llegó a mayores there was a fight but it was nothing serious
    (principal): Calle Mayor Main Street ( in US), High Street ( in UK)
    E ( Mús) major
    F ( Com):
    (al) por mayor wholesale
    [ S ] venta sólo (al) por mayor wholesale only
    los compran (al) por mayor they buy them wholesale
    hubo problemas (al) por mayor there were innumerable problems
    A
    1
    (adulto): no te metas en las conversaciones de los mayores don't interrupt when the adults o grown-ups are talking
    cada niño debe ir acompañado de un mayor each child must be accompanied by an adult
    mis/tus mayores my/your elders
    Compuesto:
    masculine and feminine person who is legally of age o who has reached the age of majority
    B
    mayor masculine ( AmL) ( Mil) major
    * * *

     

    mayor adjetivo
    1

    ◊ grande) ‹número/porcentaje› greater, higher;


    ‹ beneficio› greater;

    a mayor escala on a larger scale;
    un número mayor que 40 a number greater than 40

    ◊ grande): el mayor número de accidentes the greatest o highest number of accidents;

    su mayor preocupación her greatest o biggest worry;
    a la mayor brevedad posible as soon as possible;
    la mayor parte de los estudiantes most students, the majority of students
    2 ( en edad)

    mayor que algn older than sb

    ◊ es la mayor de las dos she is the older o elder of the two;

    mi hijo mayor my eldest o oldest son

    d) ( adulto):


    cuando sea mayor when I grow up;
    ser mayor de edad (Der) to be of age;
    soy mayor de edad y haré lo que quiera I'm over 18 (o 21 etc) and I'll do as I please
    3 ( en nombres) ( principal) main;

    4 (Mús) major
    5 (Com):

    ■ sustantivo masculino y femenino ( adulto) adult, grown-up (colloq);

    mis/tus mayores my/your elders;
    mayor de edad person who is legally of age
    mayor
    I adjetivo
    1 (comparativo de tamaño) larger, bigger: necesitas una talla mayor, you need a larger size
    (superlativo) largest, biggest: ésa es la mayor, that is the biggest one
    2 (comparativo de grado) greater: su capacidad es mayor que la mía, his capacity is greater than mine
    la ciudad no tiene mayor atractivo, the town isn't particularly appealing
    (superlativo) greatest: ésa es la mayor tontería que he oído nunca, that is the most absurd thing I've ever heard
    3 (comparativo de edad) older: es mayor que tu madre, she is older than your mother
    (superlativo) oldest
    el mayor de los tres, the oldest one 4 está muy mayor, (crecido, maduro) he's quite grown-up
    (anciano) he looks old
    ser mayor de edad, to be of age
    (maduro) old: es un hombre mayor, he's an old man
    eres mayor para entenderlo, you are old enough to understand it
    5 (principal) major, main: tu mayor responsabilidad es su educación, the thing that's most important to you is her education; la calle mayor, the main street
    6 Mús major
    7 Com al por mayor, wholesale
    II sustantivo masculino
    1 Mil major 2 mayores, (adultos) grownups, adults
    (ancianos) elders
    ♦ Locuciones: al por mayor, wholesale
    ir/pasar a mayores, to become serious: discutió con su marido, pero el asunto no pasó a mayores, she had an argument with her husband but they soon forgot about it

    ' mayor' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abundar
    - adicta
    - adicto
    - afán
    - alcalde
    - alcaldía
    - almacén
    - amable
    - brevedad
    - burgomaestre
    - calle
    - caza
    - colegio
    - confluencia
    - desarrollar
    - edad
    - engrandecer
    - escaparate
    - estado
    - Excemo.
    - Excmo.
    - fuerza
    - gruesa
    - grueso
    - hacer
    - hacerse
    - inri
    - obra
    - osa
    - palo
    - persona
    - plana
    - polemizar
    - predilección
    - re
    - safari
    - salir
    - sol
    - teniente
    - vender
    - venta
    - abuelo
    - ama
    - anhelo
    - atractivo
    - audiencia
    - cazar
    - ciudad
    - compás
    - de
    English:
    act
    - address
    - adult
    - big
    - bomb
    - bulk
    - capacity
    - cash-and-carry
    - claw back
    - densely
    - dipper
    - dormitory
    - elaborate
    - elder
    - eldest
    - few
    - frisky
    - grow up
    - growing
    - high street
    - hill
    - inquest
    - lion
    - little
    - main
    - major
    - mayor
    - mostly
    - much
    - nominee
    - often
    - old
    - outflow
    - outweigh
    - over
    - part
    - perpendicular
    - residence
    - senior
    - sergeant major
    - spur
    - staff
    - trade price
    - utmost
    - wholesale
    - wholesale trade
    - wholesaler
    - worship
    - abject
    - cash
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    1. [comparativo] [en tamaño] bigger ( que than); [en edad] older ( que than); [en importancia] greater ( que than); [en número] higher ( que than);
    este puente es mayor que el otro this bridge is bigger than the other one;
    mi hermana mayor my older sister;
    es ocho años mayor que yo she's eight years older than me;
    un mayor número de víctimas a higher number of victims;
    una mayor tasa de inflación a higher rate of inflation;
    en mayor o menor grado to a greater or lesser extent;
    no creo que tenga mayor interés I don't think it's particularly interesting;
    no te preocupes, no tiene mayor importancia don't worry, it's not (all) that important;
    apartamentos mayores de 100 metros cuadrados Br flats o US apartments of over 100 square metres;
    subsidios para parados mayores de cuarenta y cinco años benefits for unemployed people (of) over forty-five;
    la mayor parte de most of, the majority of;
    la mayor parte de los británicos piensa que… most British people o the majority of British people think that…;
    Mat
    mayor que greater than
    2. [superlativo]
    el/la mayor… [en tamaño] the biggest…;
    [en edad] the oldest…; [en importancia] the greatest…; [en número] the highest…;
    la mayor de las islas the biggest island, the biggest of the islands;
    la mayor crisis que se recuerda the biggest crisis in living memory;
    el mayor de todos nosotros/de la clase the oldest of all of us/in the class;
    el mayor de los dos hermanos the older of the two brothers;
    vive en la mayor de las pobrezas he lives in the most abject poverty
    3. [más] further, more;
    para mayor información solicite nuestro catálogo for further o more details, send for our catalogue
    4. [adulto] grown-up;
    cuando sea mayor when I grow up;
    hacerse mayor to grow up;
    ser mayor de edad to be an adult
    5. [no joven] older;
    [anciano] elderly;
    una mujer ya mayor an older woman;
    ser muy mayor to be very old;
    hay que escuchar a las personas mayores you should listen to older people;
    la gente mayor, las personas mayores [los ancianos] the elderly
    6. [principal] major, main;
    la plaza mayor the main square;
    la calle mayor the main street;
    el palo mayor the main mast
    7. Mús major;
    en do mayor in C major
    8. Com
    al por mayor wholesale;
    ♦ nmf
    el/la mayor [hijo, hermano] the eldest;
    mayores [adultos] grown-ups;
    [antepasados] ancestors, forefathers;
    es una película/revista para mayores it's an adult movie o Br film/magazine;
    respeta a tus mayores you should respect your elders;
    la cosa no llegó o [m5] pasó a mayores the matter didn't go any further
    ♦ nm
    Mil major
    * * *
    I adj
    1 comp: en tamaño larger, bigger; en edad older; en importancia greater;
    mayor que greater than, larger than;
    ser mayor de edad be an adult;
    ser (muy) mayor be (very) elderly;
    mayor que older than
    2 sup
    :
    el mayor en edad the oldest o eldest; en tamaño the largest o
    biggest; en importancia the greatest;
    los mayores the adults;
    la mayor parte the majority
    3 MÚS tono, modo
    major;
    do mayor MÚS C major
    4 COM
    :
    al por mayor wholesale
    II m MIL major
    :
    ir o
    pasar a mayores get serious
    * * *
    mayor adj
    1) (comparative of grande) : bigger, larger, greater, elder, older
    2) (superlative of grande) : biggest, largest, greatest, eldest, oldest
    3) : grown-up, mature
    4) : main, major
    5)
    mayor de edad : of (legal) age
    6)
    por mayor : wholesale
    mayor nmf
    1) : major (in the military)
    2) : adult
    * * *
    mayor1 adj
    2. (más grande) bigger
    4. (anciano) old / elderly
    5. (adulto) grown up
    6. (principal) main
    mayor2 n
    ¿cuántos años tiene el mayor? how old is the oldest?
    2. (adulto) grown up
    de mayor when I grow up / when you grow up etc.
    hacerse mayor to grow up [pt. grew; pp. grown]

    Spanish-English dictionary > mayor

  • 14 aclarar

    v.
    1 to rinse (enjuagar). (peninsular Spanish)
    María aclaró su cabello Mary rinsed her hair.
    2 to clarify, to explain.
    aclaremos una cosa let's get one thing clear
    María aclarará los puntos mañMaría Mary will clarify the points tomorrow.
    3 to make lighter (color).
    el sol aclara el pelo the sun makes one's hair lighter
    4 to thin (down) (lo espeso) (chocolate, sopa).
    Pedro aclara la mezcla para pastel Peter thins the cake mixture.
    5 to become clear, to become brighter, to brighten, to clear.
    Aclarará dentro de un rato It will become clear in a while.
    6 to filter.
    Mario aclara el destilado Mario filters the distilled liquid.
    7 to make it clear for, to explain, to make clear for.
    * * *
    1 (cabello, color) to lighten, make lighter
    2 (líquido) to thin (down)
    3 (enjuagar) to rinse
    4 (explicar) to explain; (poner en claro) to make clear, clarify
    5 figurado (mejorar) to improve
    ■ las zanahorias aclaran la vista carrots improve your eyesight, carrots are good for your eyes
    1 (mejorar el tiempo) to clear (up)
    1 (entender) to understand
    2 (explicarse) to explain oneself
    3 (decidirse) to make up one's mind
    4 (Used only in the 3rd person; it does not take a subject) (el tiempo) to clear (up)
    \
    aclarar la voz to clear one's throat
    * * *
    verb
    1) to clarify, explain
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=explicar) [+ suceso, motivo] to clarify; [+ duda, malentendido] to clear up; [+ misterio] to solve

    • le he escrito para aclarar las cosas — I've written to him to make things clear

    • aclarar que — to make it clear that

    2) Esp [+ ropa, vajilla, pelo] to rinse
    3) (=diluir) [+ pintura, salsa] to thin, thin down
    4) (=hacer más claro) [+ color, pelo] to make lighter, lighten
    5) [+ bosque] to clear
    2. VI
    1) (=amanecer) to get light
    2) (=despejarse las nubes) to clear up

    en cuanto aclare, saldremos — as soon as it clears up, we'll go out

    3) Esp (=enjuagar) to rinse
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo impersonal
    a) ( amanecer)

    cuando nos levantamos estaba aclarando — dawn o day was breaking when we got up

    b) ( escampar) to clear up
    2.
    a) día ( empezar) to break, dawn
    b) tiempo/día ( escampar) to clear up
    3.
    1) ( quitar color a) to lighten
    2) < ideas> to get... straight; < duda> to clear up, clarify
    3)
    a) < salsa> to thin
    b) <vegetación/bosque> to clear
    4) (Esp) <ropa/vajilla> to rinse
    4.
    aclararse v pron
    1)
    2) (Esp fam)
    a) ( entender) to understand

    a ver si nos aclaramos — let's see if we can sort things out o get things straight

    b) ( decidirse) to make up one's mind
    * * *
    = clarify, elucidate, qualify, rinse, sort out, shed + light (on/upon), throw + light on, make + the point that, spell out, explicate, make + explicit, clear up, shed + understanding, cast + light on, bring + clarity (to), get to + the bottom of, unravel, get to + the root of, rinse off.
    Ex. The examples above should serve also to clarify the relationship between the authority entry and the reference entry.
    Ex. An abstract may also serve to elucidate an unclear title.
    Ex. Common facets may be listed anywhere in the schedule order, because they are facets that, although only listed once can be applied anywhere in the citation order, as required to qualify the concept to which they apply.
    Ex. After treatment with NM2P a drawing is rinsed several times with acetone.
    Ex. It is true that assignments were being heaped upon him with immense rapidity, but he would be able to sort them out and contrive solutions.
    Ex. This article aims to cover tools that shed light on what the stakes might be in getting involved with CD-ROM technology = Este artículo intenta analizar las herramientas que nos aclaren cuáles podrían ser los riesgos de involucrarse con la tecnología del CD-ROM.
    Ex. It may be that a study of such associations might throw further light on the kinds of relationship we need to cater for in our index vocabularies.
    Ex. However, they do make the very important point that the notation is not an essential part of the scheme.
    Ex. Certain obligations of public and university libraries and publicly supported library networks often are also spelled out in statutory form.
    Ex. Sometime around the turn of the century the American library community decided against continuing its analysis of the periodical literature that we find so well explicated in the printed catalogs of Enoch Pratt and other major libraries at that time.
    Ex. The author stresses the need to distinguish between fact and opinion and to make explicit all sorts of assumptions and vaguenesses that tend to cloud the view.
    Ex. What they will not do is clear up the foggy area in most cataloguers' minds, the area that leads to an inconsistent application of half-understood principles'.
    Ex. The author aims to shed a little understanding on the general nature of archives in order to expose certain misconceptions.
    Ex. The results cast light on the changing nature of information handling in the new environment.
    Ex. A woman suspected to have lost her virginity is made to undergo a series of medical examinations to bring clarity to her situation.
    Ex. He does not always get to the bottom of the questions raised in this ambitious study.
    Ex. Patents abstracting is a special skill, involving not only a technical knowledge, but also a facility for unravelling the special legalistic jargon in which patents abound.
    Ex. One of them snipped Ben Kline's life short, and Marla's determined to get to the root of a case that's anything but cut and dried.
    Ex. The only thing that rinsing off baby carrots will do is remove any dirt that might be on the surface -- it won't wash away any bacteria.
    ----
    * aclarar el pelo = lighten + Posesivo + hair.
    * aclarar el sentido = clarify + meaning.
    * aclarar las cosas = set + the record straight.
    * aclarar las ideas de Uno = clarify + Posesivo + mind.
    * aclarar lo que sucedió = get + Posesivo + story straight, get + Posesivo + story right.
    * aclarar los detalles = work out + details.
    * aclarar lo sucedido = get + Posesivo + story straight, get + Posesivo + story right.
    * aclararse = become + apparent, get + Posesivo + story straight, get + Posesivo + story right, fall into + place.
    * aclarar una confusión = unravel + snarl.
    * aclarar una cuestión = clarify + matter, clarify + issue.
    * aclarar un asunto = clarify + matter.
    * aclarar un concepto = clarify + idea, clarify + concept.
    * aclarar un malentendido = clear up + misunderstanding.
    * aclarar un misterio = unravel + mystery.
    * aclarar un objetivo = clarify + objective.
    * aclarar un problema = clear up + problem.
    * aclarar un punto = clarify + point.
    * tiempo + aclararse = weather + clear.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo impersonal
    a) ( amanecer)

    cuando nos levantamos estaba aclarando — dawn o day was breaking when we got up

    b) ( escampar) to clear up
    2.
    a) día ( empezar) to break, dawn
    b) tiempo/día ( escampar) to clear up
    3.
    1) ( quitar color a) to lighten
    2) < ideas> to get... straight; < duda> to clear up, clarify
    3)
    a) < salsa> to thin
    b) <vegetación/bosque> to clear
    4) (Esp) <ropa/vajilla> to rinse
    4.
    aclararse v pron
    1)
    2) (Esp fam)
    a) ( entender) to understand

    a ver si nos aclaramos — let's see if we can sort things out o get things straight

    b) ( decidirse) to make up one's mind
    * * *
    = clarify, elucidate, qualify, rinse, sort out, shed + light (on/upon), throw + light on, make + the point that, spell out, explicate, make + explicit, clear up, shed + understanding, cast + light on, bring + clarity (to), get to + the bottom of, unravel, get to + the root of, rinse off.

    Ex: The examples above should serve also to clarify the relationship between the authority entry and the reference entry.

    Ex: An abstract may also serve to elucidate an unclear title.
    Ex: Common facets may be listed anywhere in the schedule order, because they are facets that, although only listed once can be applied anywhere in the citation order, as required to qualify the concept to which they apply.
    Ex: After treatment with NM2P a drawing is rinsed several times with acetone.
    Ex: It is true that assignments were being heaped upon him with immense rapidity, but he would be able to sort them out and contrive solutions.
    Ex: This article aims to cover tools that shed light on what the stakes might be in getting involved with CD-ROM technology = Este artículo intenta analizar las herramientas que nos aclaren cuáles podrían ser los riesgos de involucrarse con la tecnología del CD-ROM.
    Ex: It may be that a study of such associations might throw further light on the kinds of relationship we need to cater for in our index vocabularies.
    Ex: However, they do make the very important point that the notation is not an essential part of the scheme.
    Ex: Certain obligations of public and university libraries and publicly supported library networks often are also spelled out in statutory form.
    Ex: Sometime around the turn of the century the American library community decided against continuing its analysis of the periodical literature that we find so well explicated in the printed catalogs of Enoch Pratt and other major libraries at that time.
    Ex: The author stresses the need to distinguish between fact and opinion and to make explicit all sorts of assumptions and vaguenesses that tend to cloud the view.
    Ex: What they will not do is clear up the foggy area in most cataloguers' minds, the area that leads to an inconsistent application of half-understood principles'.
    Ex: The author aims to shed a little understanding on the general nature of archives in order to expose certain misconceptions.
    Ex: The results cast light on the changing nature of information handling in the new environment.
    Ex: A woman suspected to have lost her virginity is made to undergo a series of medical examinations to bring clarity to her situation.
    Ex: He does not always get to the bottom of the questions raised in this ambitious study.
    Ex: Patents abstracting is a special skill, involving not only a technical knowledge, but also a facility for unravelling the special legalistic jargon in which patents abound.
    Ex: One of them snipped Ben Kline's life short, and Marla's determined to get to the root of a case that's anything but cut and dried.
    Ex: The only thing that rinsing off baby carrots will do is remove any dirt that might be on the surface -- it won't wash away any bacteria.
    * aclarar el pelo = lighten + Posesivo + hair.
    * aclarar el sentido = clarify + meaning.
    * aclarar las cosas = set + the record straight.
    * aclarar las ideas de Uno = clarify + Posesivo + mind.
    * aclarar lo que sucedió = get + Posesivo + story straight, get + Posesivo + story right.
    * aclarar los detalles = work out + details.
    * aclarar lo sucedido = get + Posesivo + story straight, get + Posesivo + story right.
    * aclararse = become + apparent, get + Posesivo + story straight, get + Posesivo + story right, fall into + place.
    * aclarar una confusión = unravel + snarl.
    * aclarar una cuestión = clarify + matter, clarify + issue.
    * aclarar un asunto = clarify + matter.
    * aclarar un concepto = clarify + idea, clarify + concept.
    * aclarar un malentendido = clear up + misunderstanding.
    * aclarar un misterio = unravel + mystery.
    * aclarar un objetivo = clarify + objective.
    * aclarar un problema = clear up + problem.
    * aclarar un punto = clarify + point.
    * tiempo + aclararse = weather + clear.

    * * *
    aclarar [A1 ]
    1
    (amanecer): cuando nos levantamos estaba aclarando dawn o day was breaking when we got up, it was starting to get light when we got up
    2 (escampar) to clear up
    si aclara, podemos salir if the weather o if it clears up, we can go out
    vi
    1 «día» (empezar) to break, dawn
    2 «día/tiempo» (escampar) to clear up
    ■ aclarar
    vt
    A ‹color› to lighten
    B
    1 ‹duda/problema› to clarify
    intentaré aclarárselo I'll try to clarify it for you, I'll try to explain it to you
    me aclaró varias dudas que tenía she clarified several points I wasn't sure of, she cleared up several queries I had
    no pudo aclararme nada sobre el tema she couldn't throw any light on the subject
    quiero aclarar que yo no sabía nada sobre el asunto I want to make it clear that I didn't know anything about the matter
    2 ( Chi) ‹persona› ( fam) to tell … straight, tell … a few home truths ( colloq)
    C
    1 ‹salsa› to thin
    2 ‹vegetación/bosque› to clear
    D ( Esp) (enjuagar) ‹ropa/vajilla› to rinse; ‹pelo› to rinse
    1 ‹pelo› to lighten
    se aclaraba el pelo she lightened her hair
    2
    aclararse la voz to clear one's throat
    3
    ( Esp fam) «persona»: explícamelo otra vez, sigo sin aclararme explain it to me again, I still haven't got it straight o I still don't understand
    comparemos las listas, a ver si nos aclaramos let's compare the lists and see if we can sort things out o get things straight
    no me aclaro con esta máquina I can't work out how to use this machine, I can't get the hang of this machine ( colloq)
    lleva una borrachera que no se aclara he's so drunk he doesn't know what's going on
    tengo un sueño que no me aclaro I'm so tired I can't think straight
    unos días de descanso para aclararme las ideas a few days' rest to get my ideas straight
    * * *

     

    aclarar ( conjugate aclarar) v impers
    a) ( amanecer):


    cuando nos levantamos estaba aclarando dawn o day was breaking when we got up

    verbo intransitivo

    b) [tiempo/día] ( escampar) to clear up

    verbo transitivo
    1 ( quitar color a) to lighten
    2 ‹ ideas› to get … straight;
    ‹ duda› to clear up, clarify;
    ◊ quiero aclarar que … I want to make it clear that …

    3 (Esp) ‹ropa/vajilla› to rinse
    aclararse verbo pronominal
    1

    2 (Esp fam) ( entender) to understand;
    ◊ a ver si nos aclaramos let's see if we can sort things out o get things straight

    aclarar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 (hacer comprensible) to clarify, explain: deberían aclarar las cosas entre ellos, they should clear things up among themselves
    2 (suavizar color) to lighten, make lighter
    3 (quitar el jabón) to rinse
    II v impers Meteor to clear (up)
    ' aclarar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    despejar
    - determinar
    - judicialmente
    - ir
    English:
    air
    - bleach
    - clarify
    - clear
    - clear up
    - elucidate
    - explain
    - illuminate
    - inquest
    - lighten
    - meaning
    - rinse
    - straight
    - straighten out
    - talk over
    - sort
    - straighten
    - thin
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. Esp [enjuagar] to rinse
    2. [explicar] to clarify, to explain;
    aclaremos una cosa let's get one thing clear;
    eso lo aclara todo that explains everything;
    ¿me podría aclarar ese último punto? could you clarify o explain that last point for me?
    3. [color] to make lighter;
    el sol aclara el pelo the sun makes your hair lighter
    4. [lo espeso] [chocolate, sopa] to thin (down);
    [bosque] to thin out;
    aclaró la pintura con un poco de aguarrás she thinned the paint with a little turpentine
    ♦ v impersonal
    ya aclaraba [amanecía] it was getting light;
    [se despejaba] the sky was clearing;
    la tarde se fue aclarando it brightened up during the afternoon
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 duda, problema clarify, clear up
    2 ropa, vajilla rinse
    II v/i
    1 de día break, dawn
    2 de tiempo clear up
    * * *
    1) clarificar: to clarify, to explain, to resolve
    2) : to lighten
    3)
    aclarar la voz : to clear one's throat
    1) : to get light, to dawn
    2) : to clear up
    * * *
    1. (clarificar) to clarify [pt. & pp. clarified]
    2. (dudas) to clear up
    3. (color) to lighten
    4. (enjuagar) to rinse
    5. (mejorar el tiempo) to clear up

    Spanish-English dictionary > aclarar

  • 15 esclarecer

    v.
    1 to clear up, to shed light on.
    esclarecer los hechos to establish the facts
    2 to explain, to clear, to illustrate, to clear up.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ AGRADECER], like link=agradecer agradecer
    1 (iluminar) to light up, illuminate
    2 figurado (poner en claro) to clear up, make clear, shed light on
    3 figurado (entendimiento) to enlighten
    4 figurado (ennoblecer) to ennoble
    1 (amanecer) to dawn
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=explicar) [+ duda, misterio] to explain, clear up, elucidate; [+ misterio] to shed light on; [+ crimen] to clear up; [+ situación] to clarify
    2) (=instruir) to enlighten
    3) (=ennoblecer) to ennoble
    4) (=dar luz) to light up, illuminate
    2.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo <situación/hechos> to clarify, elucidate (frml); <crimen/misterio> to clear up
    * * *
    = elucidate, shed + light (on/upon), throw + light on, untangle, shed + understanding, see through, cast + light on, bring + clarity (to), get to + the bottom of, get to + the root of, clear up.
    Ex. An abstract may also serve to elucidate an unclear title.
    Ex. This article aims to cover tools that shed light on what the stakes might be in getting involved with CD-ROM technology = Este artículo intenta analizar las herramientas que nos aclaren cuáles podrían ser los riesgos de involucrarse con la tecnología del CD-ROM.
    Ex. It may be that a study of such associations might throw further light on the kinds of relationship we need to cater for in our index vocabularies.
    Ex. Once this relationship is untangled, it becomes possible to represent a document by a sequential data stream which can be readily stored in a file.
    Ex. The author aims to shed a little understanding on the general nature of archives in order to expose certain misconceptions.
    Ex. It is important to use oral history information in an informed and sophisticated way, and to be able to see through some popular misconceptions about it.
    Ex. The results cast light on the changing nature of information handling in the new environment.
    Ex. A woman suspected to have lost her virginity is made to undergo a series of medical examinations to bring clarity to her situation.
    Ex. He does not always get to the bottom of the questions raised in this ambitious study.
    Ex. One of them snipped Ben Kline's life short, and Marla's determined to get to the root of a case that's anything but cut and dried.
    Ex. What they will not do is clear up the foggy area in most cataloguers' minds, the area that leads to an inconsistent application of half-understood principles'.
    ----
    * esclarecer un misterio = unravel + mystery, figure out + mystery.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo <situación/hechos> to clarify, elucidate (frml); <crimen/misterio> to clear up
    * * *
    = elucidate, shed + light (on/upon), throw + light on, untangle, shed + understanding, see through, cast + light on, bring + clarity (to), get to + the bottom of, get to + the root of, clear up.

    Ex: An abstract may also serve to elucidate an unclear title.

    Ex: This article aims to cover tools that shed light on what the stakes might be in getting involved with CD-ROM technology = Este artículo intenta analizar las herramientas que nos aclaren cuáles podrían ser los riesgos de involucrarse con la tecnología del CD-ROM.
    Ex: It may be that a study of such associations might throw further light on the kinds of relationship we need to cater for in our index vocabularies.
    Ex: Once this relationship is untangled, it becomes possible to represent a document by a sequential data stream which can be readily stored in a file.
    Ex: The author aims to shed a little understanding on the general nature of archives in order to expose certain misconceptions.
    Ex: It is important to use oral history information in an informed and sophisticated way, and to be able to see through some popular misconceptions about it.
    Ex: The results cast light on the changing nature of information handling in the new environment.
    Ex: A woman suspected to have lost her virginity is made to undergo a series of medical examinations to bring clarity to her situation.
    Ex: He does not always get to the bottom of the questions raised in this ambitious study.
    Ex: One of them snipped Ben Kline's life short, and Marla's determined to get to the root of a case that's anything but cut and dried.
    Ex: What they will not do is clear up the foggy area in most cataloguers' minds, the area that leads to an inconsistent application of half-understood principles'.
    * esclarecer un misterio = unravel + mystery, figure out + mystery.

    * * *
    esclarecer [E3 ]
    vt
    ‹situación/hechos› to clarify, elucidate ( frml); ‹crimen/misterio› to clear up
    * * *

    esclarecer ( conjugate esclarecer) verbo transitivo ‹situación/hechos› to clarify, elucidate (frml);
    ‹crimen/misterio› to clear up
    esclarecer verbo transitivo to clarify
    (un suceso) to throw light on
    ' esclarecer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    iluminar
    English:
    clear up
    - clear
    - disentangle
    - solve
    * * *
    to clear up, to shed light on;
    esclarecer los hechos to establish the facts
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 throw o
    shed light on
    2 misterio clear up
    II v/i dawn
    * * *
    esclarecer {53} vt
    1) elucidar: to elucidate, to clarify
    2) iluminar: to illuminate, to light up

    Spanish-English dictionary > esclarecer

  • 16 Davidson, Robert

    [br]
    b. 18 April 1804 Aberdeen, Scotland
    d. 16 November 1894 Aberdeen, Scotland
    [br]
    Scottish chemist, pioneer of electric power and builder of the first electric railway locomotives.
    [br]
    Davidson, son of an Aberdeen merchant, attended Marischal College, Aberdeen, between 1819 and 1822: his studies included mathematics, mechanics and chemistry. He subsequently joined his father's grocery business, which from time to time received enquiries for yeast: to meet these, Davidson began to manufacture yeast for sale and from that start built up a successful chemical manufacturing business with the emphasis on yeast and dyes. About 1837 he started to experiment first with electric batteries and then with motors. He invented a form of electromagnetic engine in which soft iron bars arranged on the periphery of a wooden cylinder, parallel to its axis, around which the cylinder could rotate, were attracted by fixed electromagnets. These were energized in turn by current controlled by a simple commutaring device. Electric current was produced by his batteries. His activities were brought to the attention of Michael Faraday and to the scientific world in general by a letter from Professor Forbes of King's College, Aberdeen. Davidson declined to patent his inventions, believing that all should be able freely to draw advantage from them, and in order to afford an opportunity for all interested parties to inspect them an exhibition was held at 36 Union Street, Aberdeen, in October 1840 to demonstrate his "apparatus actuated by electro-magnetic power". It included: a model locomotive carriage, large enough to carry two people, that ran on a railway; a turning lathe with tools for visitors to use; and a small printing machine. In the spring of 1842 he put on a similar exhibition in Edinburgh, this time including a sawmill. Davidson sought support from railway companies for further experiments and the construction of an electromagnetic locomotive; the Edinburgh exhibition successfully attracted the attention of the proprietors of the Edinburgh 585\& Glasgow Railway (E \& GR), whose line had been opened in February 1842. Davidson built a full-size locomotive incorporating his principle, apparently at the expense of the railway company. The locomotive weighed 7 tons: each of its two axles carried a cylinder upon which were fastened three iron bars, and four electromagnets were arranged in pairs on each side of the cylinders. The motors he used were reluctance motors, the power source being zinc-iron batteries. It was named Galvani and was demonstrated on the E \& GR that autumn, when it achieved a speed of 4 mph (6.4 km/h) while hauling a load of 6 tons over a distance of 1 1/2 miles (2.4 km); it was the first electric locomotive. Nevertheless, further support from the railway company was not forthcoming, although to some railway workers the locomotive seems to have appeared promising enough: they destroyed it in Luddite reaction. Davidson staged a further exhibition in London in 1843 without result and then, the cost of battery chemicals being high, ceased further experiments of this type. He survived long enough to see the electric railway become truly practicable in the 1880s.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1840, letter, Mechanics Magazine, 33:53–5 (comparing his machine with that of William Hannis Taylor (2 November 1839, British patent no. 8,255)).
    Further Reading
    1891, Electrical World, 17:454.
    J.H.R.Body, 1935, "A note on electro-magnetic engines", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 14:104 (describes Davidson's locomotive).
    F.J.G.Haut, 1956, "The early history of the electric locomotive", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 27 (describes Davidson's locomotive).
    A.F.Anderson, 1974, "Unusual electric machines", Electronics \& Power 14 (November) (biographical information).
    —1975, "Robert Davidson. Father of the electric locomotive", Proceedings of the Meeting on the History of Electrical Engineering Institution of Electrical Engineers, 8/1–8/17 (the most comprehensive account of Davidson's work).
    A.C.Davidson, 1976, "Ingenious Aberdonian", Scots Magazine (January) (details of his life).
    PJGR / GW

    Biographical history of technology > Davidson, Robert

  • 17 Singer, Isaac Merritt

    [br]
    b. 27 October 1811 Pittstown, New York, USA
    d. 23 July 1875 Torquay, Devonshire, England
    [br]
    American inventor of a sewing machine, and pioneer of mass production.
    [br]
    The son of a millwright, Singer was employed as an unskilled labourer at the age of 12, but later gained wide experience as a travelling machinist. He also found employment as an actor. On 16 May 1839, while living at Lockport, Illinois, he obtained his first patent for a rock-drilling machine, but he soon squandered the money he made. Then in 1849, while at Pittsburgh, he secured a patent for a wood-and metal-carving machine that he had begun five years previously; however, a boiler explosion in the factory destroyed his machine and left him penniless.
    Near the end of 1850 Singer was engaged to redesign the Lerow \& Blodgett sewing machine at the Boston shop of Orson C.Phelps, where the machine was being repaired. He built an improved version in eleven days that was sufficiently different for him to patent on 12 August 1851. He formed a partnership with Phelps and G.B. Zieber and they began to market the invention. Singer soon purchased Phelps's interest, although Phelps continued to manufacture the machines. Then Edward Clark acquired a one-third interest and with Singer bought out Zieber. These two, with dark's flair for promotion and marketing, began to create a company which eventually would become the largest manufacturer of sewing machines exported worldwide, with subsidiary factories in England.
    However, first Singer had to defend his patent, which was challenged by an earlier Boston inventor, Elias Howe. Although after a long lawsuit Singer had to pay royalties, it was the Singer machine which eventually captured the market because it could do continuous stitching. In 1856 the Great Sewing Machine Combination, the first important pooling arrangement in American history, was formed to share the various patents so that machines could be built without infringements and manufacture could be expanded without fear of litigation. Singer contributed his monopoly on the needle-bar cam with his 1851 patent. He secured twenty additional patents, so that his original straight-needle vertical design for lock-stitching eventually included such refinements as a continuous wheel-feed, yielding presser-foot, and improved cam for moving the needle-bar. A new model, introduced in 1856, was the first to be intended solely for use in the home.
    Initially Phelps made all the machines for Singer. Then a works was established in New York where the parts were assembled by skilled workers through filing and fitting. Each machine was therefore a "one-off" but Singer machines were always advertised as the best on the market and sold at correspondingly high prices. Gradually, more specialized machine tools were acquired, but it was not until long after Singer had retired to Europe in 1863 that Clark made the change to mass production. Sales of machines numbered 810 in 1853 and 21,000 ten years later.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    12 August 1851, US patent no. 8,294 (sewing machine)
    Further Reading
    Biographies and obituaries have appeared in Appleton's Cyclopedia of America, Vol. V; Dictionary of American Biography, Vol XVII; New York Times 25 July 1875; Scientific American (1875) 33; and National Cyclopaedia of American Biography.
    D.A.Hounshell, 1984, From the American System to Mass Production 1800–1932. The
    Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States, Baltimore (provides a thorough account of the development of the Singer sewing machine, the competition it faced from other manufacturers and production methods).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Singer, Isaac Merritt

См. также в других словарях:

  • Memory for the future — refers to the ability to use memory to picture and plan future events. It is a subcategory of mental time travel which Suddendorf and Corballis described to be the process that allows people to imagine both past and potential future events.… …   Wikipedia

  • Information and communication technologies for development — An OLPC class in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia …   Wikipedia

  • People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals — PETA redirects here. For other uses, see Peta (disambiguation). Founder(s) Ingrid Newkirk and Alex Pacheco …   Wikipedia

  • Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences — The Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) is a research institute that is sponsored jointly by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR) and the… …   Wikipedia

  • Humanitarian Use Licenses — are provisions in a license whereby inventors and technology suppliers protect in advance the possibility of sharing their technology with people in need. Thus, Humanitarian Use Licenses set the conditions for the provision of access to… …   Wikipedia

  • Open-source enterprise architecture tools — are a class of enterprise architecture tool that are licensed such that they can be freely used, extended and modified by anyone. Traditionally, enterprise architecture tools are proprietary based and require a license and sometimes a support… …   Wikipedia

  • Computational Resource for Drug Discovery (CRDD) — Computational Resources for Drug Discovery (CRDD) is one of the important silico modules of Open Source for Drug Discovery (OSDD). The CRDD web portal provides computer resources related to drug discovery on a single platform. Following are major …   Wikipedia

  • Rough for Radio II — is a radio play by Samuel Beckett. It was written in French in 1961 as Pochade radiophonique and published in Minuit 16, November 1975. Beckett translated the work into English shortly before its broadcast on BBC Radio 3 on 13th April 1976.… …   Wikipedia

  • Virtual Tribunal of the Special Court for Sierra Leone — About the Virtual Tribunal of the Special Court for Sierra Leone [http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/ changmin/] = Professor David Cohen, Director of the Berkeley War Crimes Studies Center (WCSC), and Professor Ruzena Bajcsy of the Department of… …   Wikipedia

  • Diamond Cut Audio Restoration Tools — Diamond Cut Audio Resotration Tools Developer(s) Craig Maier and Rick Carlson of Diamond Cut Productions …   Wikipedia

  • Organization for Youth Empowerment — Abbreviation OYE Motto Youth Helping Youth in Honduras Formation 2005 Type …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»